Guide

Brimonidine is an α2 adrenergic agonist. According to Wikipedia, "Brimonidine is indicated for the lowering of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It is also the active ingredient of Combigan along with timolol maleate. In 2013, the FDA approved topical application of brimonidine 0.33% (Mirvaso - requires subscription to view post) for facial erythema or rosacea.

Butyric Acid "To date, oral and topical probiotics for the skin microbiome play an important role in treating inflammatory skin diseases, atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, wound healing, and skin cancer." [1] "These results demonstrate that butyric acid (BA) in the metabolites of fermenting skin probiotic bacteria mediates FFaR2 to induce the synthesis of collagen through p-ERK activation. We hereby imply that metabolites from the probiotic S. epidermidis fermentation of CIN as a potential carbon source could restore impaired collagen in the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM), providing integrity and elasticity to skin." "Butyric acid (from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2CO2H. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical[7] and an important component in the mammalian gut." (bold added) Do You Have a Gut Feeling About Rosacea? LEARN MORE (requires subscription)

Image - Wikipedia Commons The Classic Butterfly of Rosacea and the T - Zone In discussing rosacea the 'butterfly' or T - Zone usually comes up. To LEARN MORE requires a subscription as an active member.

ElaineA has a recommended treatment for demodectic rosacea using Borax, epsom salt, glycerin and avocado oil. To Learn MORE (requires subscription)

The RRDi is sponsoring free rosacea blogs so you can have your own private or public blog included when you join the RRDi. That way you can direct your friends to your own blog and discuss what you are doing to control your rosacea. These blogs are usually public but you may want your own private blog. You choose whether your blog is public or private. Example of a public blog. If you want your own private rosacea blog here are the steps: PRIVATE BLOG The default blog is public so all you do is change it to private and only invite your friends to view your blog. (1) To setup your blog you first need to be a member of the RRDi by registering. (2) Go to Blogs and look for the CREATE A BLOG button: (3) Look for the ONLY THE MEMBERS I CHOOSE CAN READ THIS BLOG radio button: Then click continue to setup your blog. If you need assistance, use the Invision Community help center or use the RRDi support center (only available for members of the RRDi). Reply to this Topic There is a reply to this topic button somewhere on the device you are reading this post.

Biologics image - stock.adobe.com "Over the coming years, the growth in the biologics market is projected to be rapid, reaching US $580.5 billion (approximately €513.5 billion) by 2026." [1] What are the biologic treatments for rosacea? Answer (members only)

Baumann Skin Types Bingo Card image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons The Baumann Skin Type Indicator (BSTI) is a phenotype "classification system [that] has been adopted by estheticians, dermatologists, consumers and retailers to match cosmeceutical ingredients and skin care products to specific skin types." [1] End Notes [1] Baumann Skin Type Indicator (BSTI) (members only)

"Current studies have provided preliminary evidence that PDT is an efficient and safe therapy in treating rosacea. However, rigorous randomized control trials (RCTs) with a larger sample size and longer follow-up time are warranted to verify the certain curative effects of PDT in treating rosacea and explore the most appropriate treatment schedule." [1] Wouldn't it be incredible if a non profit for rosacea independent of the PDT industry sponsored a peer reviewed, double blinded, clinical study on this as recommended in the above paper. To learn more in an investigative post, join the RRDi and subscribe. Should I Consider Broadband Therapy for Rosacea?

"In case of a lack of efficacy or in case of contraindications (e.g. pregnancy, children below 8 years), azithromycin or metronidazole are alternative systemic therapies." "Topical azithromycin may represent an additional treatment for ocular rosacea, with a shorter duration of treatment and absence of gastrointestinal side effects as compared to systemic doxycycline." To learn more read this investigative post (members only)

The goal of aspirin therapy is to suppress the vascular dilation associated with rosacea. In theory, that suppresses the body's flush response and reduces the incidence of persistent erythema." Therefore, asprin may help reduce flushing in rosacea and is a simple over-the-counter solution. To learn more in an investigative post join the RRDi since this post is for members only.

"Collectively we showed that aspirin exerts a curative effect on rosacea by attenuating skin inflammation and angiogenesis, suggesting a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of rosacea." (members only) To learn more join the RRDi Investigative Report on Aspirin for Rosacea

Fictional parasitism: oil painting Parasites by Katrin Alvarez, 2011 image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons For a long time microorganisms (members only) of the skin microbiome have been suggested as a cause of rosacea. The list includes, bacteria, virus, and demodex mites. Further, there are some papers that suggest that the gut microbiome (members only) may be involved in rosacea. [Microorganisms of the Human Microbiome] (members only). LEARN MORE (members only)

image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons "The five classical signs of inflammation are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function (Latin calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and functio laesa)." [1] That distinctly describes rosacea and is one of the reasons that the inflammatory theory on rosacea (members only) is still one of the leading thoughts on its cause and why rosacea is usually described as an inflammatory skin disease condition. So what are some of the anti-inflammatory treatments for rosacea to consider? Answer. (members only)

Raw honey - image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons Honey has been mentioned more often than not for Seborrheic Dermatitis, but there are some reports it improves rosacea. We have an investigative post on this subject which you can research if you join the RRDi and subscribe.

Please note: Most links below require you to join the RRDi with a subscription Etcetera [A] W.C. Fields is the rosacea poster boy with his huge bulbous nose having been linked with excessive drinking, however, we now know Fields suffered from rosacea, Phenotype 5. What do you know about rosacea and alcohol? Did you hear to avoid wine? We have an in-depth post on alcohol and rosacea worth investigating which requires you donate with a minimum of $2 to our non profit organization, less than a cup of coffee. Subscribe.

Cathelicidin and Richard Gallo have almost become synonomous in the rosacea world. Richard Gallo is doing research on cathelicidin's role in rosacea. For more information (members only) join the RRDi and subscribe.

We need 24 Donors to donate $20 each to Model Tees for 24 Tee Shirts. If you donated $480 to the RRDi we could then give away 24 rosacea tee shirts to RRDi members each month one tee shirt to the best poster in our member forum. Or you can simply purchase your own rosacea tee shirt through Model Tees. Watch these videos below that explain more. If you have any questions, find the reply to this topic button on your device and ask

Just a thought for you to consider. Over at Reddit or Facebook where you enjoy posting with other rosacea sufferers in huge groups, why not ask 'what are twenty different theories on the cause of rosacea?' and see if you can get at least ten theories in the replies to your question. Or you could simply subscribe as a member of the RRDi and browse in one logical category, Rosacea Theories (requires subscription to post) and review at least twenty different theories. Finding the Cure has been the slogan for the RRDi since its inception.

It is difficult for rosacea patients to discern which products and ingredients will be beneficial to their skin and which products will lead to an exacerbation of the signs and symptoms of rosacea. In this paper, the authors provide a brief overview of rosacea, its pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, and the management of the two major rosacea subtypes—erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and papular pustular rosacea. Reviewed in greater detail are the common ingredients used in over-the-counter cleansers and moisturizers with discussion of how these ingredients potentially benefit or harm the skin of patients with rosacea. Members Only: A Guide to the Ingredients and Potential Benefits of Over-the-Counter Cleansers and Moisturizers for Rosacea Patients

For a long time, as noted by the late late Dr. Albert Kligman, rosacea was referred to as 'Acne Rosacea', which he said, "It is interesting that the original term for rosacea was "acne rosacea”, which has more features in common with acne than currently realized. If the “acne” portion had been retained in the later works, rosacea might have received much greater investigative attention." [1] So what is the difference? ANSWER (members only)

image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons Acne Vulgaris is a completely different disease from rosacea, however some authoritative sources report that acne vulgaris can co-exist with rosacea. For more information (members only)

Accutane (Isotretinoin) has been used for many years to treat acne rosacea in higher doses so if you are taking high dose Accutane (20-40 mg or higher daily) you should read this Accutane Article on high dose Accutane but if you are on Low Dose Isotretinoin (2.5 mg to 10 mg) you should read this article. (members only)

What you should know about Accutane (isotretinoin). This article is frequently updated as new information is discovered [updated frequently] for members only.

We review the AARS Form 990 for past years (members only).

Image of Demodex Folliculorum courtesy of National Geographic - by Darlyne A. Murawski Please Note: Links below require you subscribe as a member to view. Galderma reports that treatment with Soolantra improves rosacea. This is usually the same with treatment using the ZZ cream. However, it is commonly reported that it gets worse before it gets better. There are substantial anecdotal reports that treatment for demodectic rosacea by reducing the number of mites shows it gets worse before it gets better. To view this authoritative post on this subject click here.