rss

Related Articles The face and mind evaluation study: an examination of the efficacy of rosacea treatment using physician ratings and patients' self-reported quality of life. J Drugs Dermatol. 2005 Sep-Oct;4(5):585-90 Authors: Fleischer A, Suephy C OBJECTIVE: To examine both the short-term clinical efficacy and quality-of-life changes resulting from treatment of rosacea with regimens that reflect the participating physicians' standards of care while incorporating azelaic acid gel. DESIGN: Longitudinal, open-label, observational study. PATIENTS: 583 patients with mild to moderate rosacea participated in this study. INTERVENTIONS: Patients received azelaic acid gel either alone or in combination with other standard treatment for rosacea according to each participating physician's standards of care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in Investigator's Global Assessment score, measuring the severity of rosacea symptoms, from baseline to follow-up, and change in scores on the RosaQoL, a rosacea-related quality-of-life instrument with 4 component measures (Overall, Emotion, Symptom, and Function) completed by patients at both baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: Over the course of treatment, the mean Investigator's Global Assessment score dropped from 3.52 to 2.10 (P < .0001). Patients who were prescribed combination therapy had significantly greater improvement than those who were prescribed azelaic acid gel alone (P < .0001). All 4 components of the RosaQoL also showed significant improvement over the course of treatment, regardless of the type of therapy prescribed (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: Azelaic acid gel, either alone or in combination with other medications, is efficacious in the treatment of mild to moderate rosacea, as shown by observational data collected in the clinical setting from both treating physicians and patients. PMID: 16167417 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Role of psychological factors in course of the rosacea. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst. 2005;50 Suppl 1:49-53 Authors: Sowińska-Gługiewicz I, Ratajczak-Stefańska V, Maleszka R PURPOSE: (1) Investigation of dependence between first symptoms of the rosacea and with surviving of critical life events. (2) Description of the dissimilarity in intensity of the stress at illness and healthy. (3) Estimation of impact of stressful situations for escalating of changes in course of the disease. (4) Comparison of the subjective estimation of patients' health. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 40 persons with rosacea, in the age of 25-75 years, were examined and 40 healthy volunteers, matched to the sex, age, social-economic background. The Holms' and Rahes' modified Social Readjustment Rating Scale questionnaire was applied and the WZS questionnaire by Sek and Szałdziński. RESULTS: Investigations showed dissimilarities of events met in the number and intensity of the stress between sick people and volunteers. Symptoms of the acne are escalating as a result of caused emotions with primary evaluation. The image of the subjective estimation of patients' health is showing their motivation to recover. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Patients with rosacea in the period before the occurring of first symptoms of the disease, comparatively with persons from the control group, they experienced the bigger number of critical life events. (2) The stress intensity resulting from the number of critical life events, is significantly higher at sick people in the relation to the control group. (3) At patients with rosacea emotions resulting of the estimation of the primary stressful situation tightening symptoms of the disease. (4) The subjective estimation of patients' health is essential predicate of psychodermatological therapy releasing potential health possibilities at the patient. PMID: 16119626 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea. An overview of diagnosis and management. Adv Nurse Pract. 2004 Dec;12(12):27-32 Authors: Lindow KB PMID: 15615217 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea and personality. Acta Derm Venereol. 2004;84(1):76-7 Authors: Karlsson E, Berg M, Arnetz BB PMID: 15040487 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, and hypnosis in dermatology: is it all in your mind? Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(2):114-22 Authors: Shenefelt PD Biofeedback can improve cutaneous problems that have an autonomic nervous system component. Examples include biofeedback of galvanic skin resistance (GSR) for hyperhidrosis and biofeedback of skin temperature for Raynaud's disease. Hypnosis may enhance the effects obtained by biofeedback. Cognitive-behavioral methods may resolve dysfunctional thought patterns (cognitive) or actions (behavioral) that damage the skin or interfere with dermatologic therapy. Responsive diseases include acne excoriée, atopic dermatitis, factitious cheilitis, hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex chronicus, needle phobia, neurodermatitis, onychotillomania, prurigo nodularis, trichotillomania, and urticaria. Hypnosis can facilitate aversive therapy and enhance desensitization and other cognitive-behavioral methods. Hypnosis may improve or resolve numerous dermatoses. Examples include acne excoriée, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, dyshidrotic dermatitis, erythromelalgia, furuncles, glossodynia, herpes simplex, hyperhidrosis, ichthyosis vulgaris, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, nummular dermatitis, postherpetic neuralgia, pruritus, psoriasis, rosacea, trichotillomania, urticaria, verruca vulgaris, and vitiligo. Hypnosis can also reduce the anxiety and pain associated with dermatologic procedures. PMID: 12919113 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Decorative cosmetics improve the quality of life in patients with disfiguring skin diseases. Eur J Dermatol. 2002 Nov-Dec;12(6):577-80 Authors: Boehncke WH, Ochsendorf F, Paeslack I, Kaufmann R, Zollner TM Dermatoses may have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life, namely the relationship to others, self-image and self-esteem. We therefore asked whether the application of decorative cosmetics might increase their quality of life. Twenty female patients (16-69 y) with skin diseases affecting the patients' face (acne, n = 8; rosacea, n = 9; chronic discoid lupus erythematodes, n = 2; vitiligo, n = 1) were investigated. The patients were instructed by a cosmetician how to use decorative cosmetics (Unifiance , La Roche-Posay, France) and applied it daily for 2 weeks. The dermatology quality of life questionnaire (DLQI) was performed before the first application and 2 weeks afterwards. The clinical course was documented by standardised photography. Unifiance was well tolerated and no side effects occurred. It completely masked the unwanted coloration and application resulted in a significant amelioration of the appearance. The mean DLQI score dropped significantly from 9.2 to 5.5 (p = 0.0009). Improvement of quality of life reached statistical significance among patients with acne (2.8 versus 7.8, p = 0.0078) and among individuals with a less severe initial impairment of quality of life (2.4 versus 4.2, p = 0.007). Thus, the use of decorative cosmetics in disfiguring skin diseases is an effective, well-tolerated measure increasing the patients' quality of life. We therefore suggest that decorative cosmetics can complement the treatment of disfiguring skin diseases. PMID: 12459532 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Nonpharmacologic treatments in psychodermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2002 Jan;20(1):177-85 Authors: Fried RG The author believes that psychocutaneous medicine has indeed come of age and is being incorporated into mainstream medical practice. Patients presenting to dermatologists today are more sophisticated and are frequently dissatisfied with traditional medical therapies. They actively seek alternative approaches and adjuncts to standard treatments. In contrast to many other "alternative" (or) "holistic" treatments offered through non-medical venues, dermatologists can assure their patients that controlled studies support the efficacy of psychocutaneous techniques in improving many dermatologic conditions. Psoriasis, rosacea, herpes simplex, body dysmorphic disorder, acne, eczema, urticaria, neurotic excoriations, excoriated acne, trichotillomania, dysesthetic syndromes, and delusions parasitosis are included in this incomplete list. The author believes it is helpful for both the patient and therapist to define concrete and realistic goals for psychocutaneous intervention. Concrete observable or measurable goals can help the patient and clinician gauge therapeutic progress and success. Specifically, goals can include reduction in pruritus (rating severity from 1-10), decreased scratching activity, decreased plaque extent or thickness, decreased number of urticarial plaques, decreased flushing, decreased anxiety, decreased anger, decreased social embarrassment, decreased social withdrawal, and improved sleep. More global goals can include an improved sense of well-being, increased sense of control, and enhanced acceptance of some of the inevitable aspects of a given skin disease. Cure should never be a goal, because most disorders amenable to psychocutaneous techniques are chronic in nature; thus, cure as an endpoint would only lead to disappointment. The author encourages dermatologists to align themselves with what he euphemistically calls "a skin-emotion specialist." The skin-emotion specialist may be a psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, biofeedback therapist, or other mental health or behavioral specialist. Patients are more likely to accept a referral to a "skin-emotion specialist," because this term destigmatizes psychologic interventions. Incorporating these techniques and specialists into a clinical practice will expand therapeutic horizons and improve the quality of life of many of the patients afflicted with chronic skin disease. A final caveat must be offered about attempting to make prognostic statements regarding the likelihood of therapeutic success. Although all patients can potentially benefit from psychocutaneous interventions, those with severe psychopathology and poor pretreatment functional status are likely to be more difficult to treat and to achieve less optimal outcomes. Patients with personality disorders such as borderline, narcissistic, and schizotypal disorders, and patients with any active psychotic process certainly constitute a more resistant and difficult population with whom therapeutic success is less likely. These patients, however, are often the ones in the greatest subjective distress and certainly can profit from any of the described interventions. Quoting W. Mitchell Sams, Jr., "although the physician is a scientist and clinician, he or she is and must be something more. A doctor is a caretaker of the patient's person--a professional advisor, guiding the patient through some of life's most difficult journeys. Only the clergy share this responsibility with us." This commitment is and must always be the guiding force in the provision of comprehensive and compatient patient care. PMID: 11859591 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rhinophyma: plastic surgery, rehabilitation, and long-term results. Facial Plast Surg. 1998;14(4):255-78 Authors: Jung H Rhinophymas are characterized by slowly progressive enlargement of the nasal skin that will not resolve spontaneously. The usual indication for treatment has plastic cosmetic and functional reasons, above all in advanced cases with an obstruction of the nasal respiration or reduction of the visual field. Treatment of rhinophyma consists of surgical removal of the hyperplastic alterations. It should always be carried out by an experienced rhinosurgeon, because of possible complications and injury to the more deeply situated nasal structures. Different surgical procedures have been described, such as excision with primary suture or extirpation with plastic covering of the defect by free transplants, subcutaneous rhinophyma resection, as well as decortication with peeling off the proliferations, dermal abrasion, or dermal shaving. In addition, there are various abrasion procedures with abrasive cylinders, burrs, or wire brushes. The methods of exfoliation and abrasive polishing can be effectively combined. Care should be taken to preserve follicular epidermal islets from the more deeply situated layers of the skin. The follicular epithelium left behind is the point of departure for re-epithelization of the wound surface. If decortication is too deep, injuries to the perichondrium or the nasal cartilage may arise, leading to cosmetically unattractive scar formations and necessitate plastic surgery. The author's own method, which involves a combined procedure with peeling or dermal abrasion, remodeling with abrasive cylinders, as well as preoperative injection into the nasal tumor masses and a subsequent covering of the wound area with fibrin glue, is shown with reference to several examples of more than 60 cases. The cosmetic and long-term results are excellent. PMID: 11816065 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea. Prim Care. 2000 Jun;27(2):309-18 Authors: Zuber TJ Rosacea is a common skin disorder most often seen in individuals between the ages of 30 and 60. The condition frequently produces erythema, papules, pustules, and edema of midfacial skin. Ocular rosacea occurs in a high percentage of patients, and is a major cause of red eye. A variety of treatments exist that can eliminate pustules, but no therapy is highly effective in eliminating the vascular flushing associated with rosacea. PMID: 10815045 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Needs survey of Canadian rosacea patients. J Cutan Med Surg. 1999 Apr;3(4):178-81 Authors: Shear NH, Levine C BACKGROUND: In 1995, a Rosacea Awareness Program (RAP) was initiated in Canada to make available educational resources for physicians and rosacea patients. Material is in French or English, and is accessible though physician offices and by toll-free telephone. Information was communicated to the public via noncommercial, editorial media. The RAP created a database of rosacea patients in Canada. OBJECTIVE: We investigated if individuals in the database had a confirmed diagnosis of rosacea, how they perceived their treatment by the medical system, and identified their needs. METHODS: A two-page questionnaire was mailed to 7874 individuals registered with the RAP. Thirty percent of these individuals responded. Where comparisons were made a chi-squared statistic was used. RESULTS: Over 70% learned of the RAP via public media. It took patients an average of 5 years to have a diagnosis made after the first symptoms appeared. In the majority of patients (53%) the diagnosis was ultimately made by a specialist. Fifty-eight individuals said they had not discussed their condition with their doctor. Patients were likely to continue on medication that was prescribed (60%) and topical metronidazole was the most common medication used, mostly the gel formulation. Most patients used these twice daily. Patients were very satisfied with treatments and almost 90% had reduced symptoms. Despite receiving explanations and written material, patients expressed a strong interest in more information being available on skin care, make-up, and psychological aspects of rosacea. CONCLUSIONS: The RAP provides a needed educational service and is a useful database. Patients are very knowledgeable about their disease, but despite this and excellent therapeutic responses, the patients demand more information. PMID: 10366390 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea. Geriatr Nurs. 1999 Jan-Feb;20(1):44, 47 Authors: Tackett-Fletcher W, Roberts K PMID: 10232191 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Recognizing rosacea. Postgrad Med. 1999 Feb;105(2):149-50, 153-8 Authors: Millikan L Rosacea is a common disorder of the facial skin that tends to become apparent after age 30. Symptoms are usually progressive, but early diagnosis and appropriate management can alleviate patient discomfort and psychological distress as well as prevent serious long-term complications. PMID: 10026709 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Low-dose doxycycline (Oracea) for rosacea. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Jan 15;49(1252):5-6 Authors: PMID: 17220813 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles An experimental critique on the state of knowledge of rosacea. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2006 Mar;5(1):77-80 Authors: Kligman AM PMID: 17173577 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Childhood stye and adult rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Dec;55(6):951-5 Authors: Bamford JT, Gessert CE, Renier CM, Jackson MM, Laabs SB, Dahl MV, Rogers RS BACKGROUND: Little is known about how individuals with a predisposition for rosacea appear in childhood. This retrospective, matched control, longitudinal study examined the relationship between childhood stye and adult rosacea. METHODS: The records of the Rochester Epidemiology Project were examined to identify patients who received care for stye or blepharitis between ages 2 and 17 years, and received care for any cause at age 40 years or older. Patients were matched by group to control subjects (1:2). RESULTS: Patients with stye during childhood (N = 201) had a higher prevalence of adult rosacea than did control subjects (5.5% vs 1.5%, P = .01). Patients who had other childhood eye conditions without stye (N = 504) were not at higher risk. LIMITATIONS: The study population included few minority patients. CONCLUSIONS: The association between childhood stye and adult rosacea appears to be significant and should be examined further. Rosacea prevalence in adults may be lower (2.1%) than previously reported. PMID: 17097390 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Dermatological findings in 3 generations of a family with a high prevalence of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection in Brazil. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Nov 15;43(10):1257-63 Authors: Nobre V, Guedes AC, Martins ML, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Serufo JC, Proietti FA, Ribas JG, Ferreira CE, Lambertucci JR, BACKGROUND: Dermatologic manifestations are quite common in patients with adult T cell leukemia and lymphoma and patients with myelopathy and/or tropical spastic paraparesis associated with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The aim of this study was to investigate dermatological findings presented by 30 members of a Brazilian family, half of whom are infected with HTLV-1 (as confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot). METHODS: The subjects underwent dermatologic examination and laboratory assessment, which included the search for the HTLV-1 genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by qualitative and semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in skin samples by nested qualitative PCR and immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: We found that cases of xerotic dermatological alterations, including 3 cases of acquired ichthyosis, were more frequent among the infected patients (7 cases vs. none among the uninfected individuals; P=.0063). Other lesions observed in this group included impetigo, scabies, epidermal nevus, herpes zoster scar, rosacea, and juvenile acne. One HTLV-1-infected individual presented with concurrently acquired ichthyosis, impetigo, scabies, dermatophytosis, and seborrheic dermatitis. The PCR performed on PBMCs and skin samples from 24 patients confirmed the serological results in all cases. Additionally, the HTLV-1 proviral load was higher in patients with >1 skin lesion. Finally, HTLV-1 could be identified in the skin by immunofluorescence assay, which, by use of PCR as the gold standard, showed a sensitivity and specificity of 61.5% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, these clinical and laboratory findings point to an HTLV-1 tropism toward the skin, even in HTLV-1 carriers without adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy and/or tropical spastic paraparesis. PMID: 17051489 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Update on rosacea pathogenesis and correlation with medical therapeutic agents. Cutis. 2006 Aug;78(2):97-100 Authors: Del Rosso JQ The pathogenesis of rosacea is poorly understood, though clinical features of the disease are well-recognized. This article updates current views on mechanisms potentially associated with rosacea. Although data is limited, correlation with therapies is reviewed. PMID: 16983897 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea: wonderings of a clinician. Cutis. 2006 Aug;78(2):91-2 Authors: James WD PMID: 16983894 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles [Rosacea and UV light] Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2006 May;133(5 Pt 1):467-9 Authors: Schmutz JL PMID: 16760837 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles The effect of Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser on the skin barrier of patients with rosacea. Cutis. 2006 Apr;77(4 Suppl):27-33 Authors: Draelos ZD A good skin care regimen is a critical part of rosacea treatment; however, care must be taken to choose nonirritating products because individuals with rosacea tend to have sensitive skin, and irritants can trigger a worsening of symptoms. This study examines the use of Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser (a nonalkaline nonirritating cleanser) in patients with rosacea. To eliminate the confounding effects of various treatments, the cleanser was studied for a 2-week period in the absence of rosacea therapy following a 2-week washout period in patients with mild to moderate rosacea. During the washout period, patients were asked to cleanse twice daily with Dove Sensitive Skin Bar. During the 2-week study period, patients were monitored for skin barrier function through transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and corneometry; patients also were monitored for rosacea severity. Thirty patients were enrolled. No significant increase in TEWL was demonstrated at any point during the study, indicating that the gentle skin cleanser did not damage the skin barrier. Additionally, the cleanser was shown to maintain skin hydration. Furthermore, a post hoc statistical analysis suggests there was a significant reduction (P<.05) in investigator-assessed rosacea severity on the cheeks, forehead, and nose at the end of week 1 and on the cheeks, forehead, and chin at the end of week 2 compared with the end of the washout period (after 2 weeks of cleansing with Dove Sensitive Skin Bar). The mild nonirritating action of the gentle skin cleanser was supported by the lack of adverse events and the tolerability shown in the study. There were no increases in erythema, scaling, dryness, stinging, burning, or lack of smoothness in the skin during the 2-week study period, despite the fact that patients were not being treated for their rosacea during the study. These results indicate that Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser may be a good choice for the cleansing part of a total rosacea skin care regimen. PMID: 16706247 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Metronidazole in the treatment of rosacea: do formulation, dosing, and concentration matter? J Drugs Dermatol. 2006 Apr;5(4):317-9 Authors: Yoo J, Reid DC, Kimball AB BACKGROUND: Topical metronidazole is commonly used in the management of rosacea. No consensus on the optimal formulation, concentration, or dosing regimen exists. PURPOSE: To assess the relative efficacy of metronidazole cream, gel, and lotion at concentrations of 0.75% and 1%, in dosing regimens of once and twice daily. METHODS: A meta-analysis of published metronidazole efficacy rates was performed. RESULTS: In non-weighted analysis, the mean efficacy was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.0%-34.4%) for the cream, 38.4% (95% CI, 18.4%-58.4%) for the gel, and 35% for the lotion. Confidence intervals for QD versus BID dosing and 0.75% versus 1% concentrations also overlapped. In weighted analysis, the mean reduction was 31.3% for the cream, 22.1% for the gel, and 35% for the lotion. CONCLUSIONS: Metronidazole cream, gel, and lotion vehicles have similar efficacies. There were no substantial differences between concentrations of 0.75% and 1%, or between once daily and twice daily regimens. PMID: 16673797 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Oral therapy for rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol. 2006 Jan;5(1):16-21 Authors: Baldwin HE This article will examine oral therapies utilized in the treatment of rosacea. Important topics include recognizing which types of rosacea can benefit from oral therapy and concerns regarding the emergence of bacterial resistance. PMID: 16468287 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea: clinical presentation and pathophysiology. J Drugs Dermatol. 2006 Jan;5(1):8-12 Authors: Diamantis S, Waldorf HA Acne rosacea is one of the most common diagnoses seen in the clinical dermatologic practice. The classic presentation of rosacea, acneiform papules, and pustules on a background of telangiectasia, is often easily identified by primary care physicians, patients, or their similarly afflicted friends or family members. However, rosacea actually represents a spectrum of disease from chronic skin hypersensitivity and flushing to rhinophyma. Although the pathogenesis of rosacea remains unknown, it is important to understand its various presentations and possible etiologies prior to developing individualized treatment protocols. PMID: 16468286 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles Tetracyclines: nonantibiotic properties and their clinical implications. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Feb;54(2):258-65 Authors: Sapadin AN, Fleischmajer R Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics that act as such at the ribosomal level where they interfere with protein synthesis. They were first widely prescribed by dermatologists in the early 1950s when it was discovered that they were effective as a treatment for acne. More recently, biologic actions affecting inflammation, proteolysis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, metal chelation, ionophoresis, and bone metabolism have been researched. The therapeutic effects of tetracycline and its analogues in various diseases have also been investigated. These include rosacea, bullous dermatoses, neutrophilic diseases, pyoderma gangrenosum, sarcoidosis, aortic aneurysms, cancer metastasis, periodontitis, and autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma. We review the nonantibiotic properties of tetracycline and its analogues and their potential for clinical application. PMID: 16443056 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article

Related Articles [Rosacea] Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2005 Oct;132(10 Suppl):7S183-7S185 Authors: PMID: 16419544 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.f...p;dopt=Abstract = URL to article