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Case Rep Dermatol. 2022 Feb 15;14(1):19-23. doi: 10.1159/000520546. eCollection 2022 Jan-Apr. ABSTRACT Demodex mites are common ectoparasites of human pilosebaceous units that do not cause any skin symptoms. However, when there is an abnormal increase in Demodex mite density, it can cause multiple skin disorders which are grouped under the term demodicosis. During the COVID-19 outbreak, public health authorities worldwide recommend people to wear face masks when in public places to reduce respiratory transmission. Wearing face mask can cause changes in microenvironment, skin barrier function, and microbiome on human skin. There are several reports of facial skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and rosacea provoked by wearing masks for long periods of time. This is the first case report of demodicosis associated with wearing a face mask. A 46-year-old female presented with dry, itchy erythematous to purpuric patches with fine follicular scales on both cheeks and chin under the mask. Clinical symptoms started slowly with warm, slightly burning, and periodically itching sensation on both cheeks after 3 weeks of wearing surgical face mask for more than 8 h a day. Even after switching to a cloth mask and using topical steroid, the rash improved slightly and recurred after discontinuation of the treatment. The diagnosis of demodicosis was made by relevant correlation of clinical skin lesions, along with standardized skin surface biopsy results that detected abnormal proliferation of Demodex mites and clinical cure after oral ivermectin therapy. PMID:35350599 | PMC:PMC8921968 | DOI:10.1159/000520546 {url} = URL to article Protection of Skin Barrier for Coronavirus with PPE and Rosacea (members only)

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022 Mar 19;15:497-501. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S358000. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT Demodicosis is caused by Demodex mite infestation and can present with a variety of clinical manifestations, including pityriasis folliculorum type, rosacea-like type, folliculitis-like type and perioral dermatitis-like type. Therefore, this skin condition is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. This report presents a 19-year-old woman with a history of pityriasis folliculorum type demodicosis and successful treatment with oral ivermectin. After one year of remission, the patient began to develop a dry, itchy rash on her face for one month before multiple small edematous papules and pustules gradually appeared on both cheeks. The patient was first diagnosed as acne vulgaris and treated with doxycycline for 2 weeks, but the clinical symptoms did not show any signs of improvement. After reassessment based on clinical presentation and laboratory examination that found multiple Demodex mites from pustules and rash on both cheeks, the patient was diagnosed with folliculitis-like type demodicosis. However, this patient still had a very good response to oral ivermectin and metronidazole gel, and all clinical symptoms disappeared within 4 weeks after treatment. This is a case report of demodicosis imitating acne vulgaris and the first report demonstrating a change in clinical manifestations of demodicosis from pityriasis folliculorum type to folliculitis-like type. PMID:35340734 | PMC:PMC8942344 | DOI:10.2147/CCID.S358000 {url} = URL to article MORE INFORMATION ON DEMODECTIC ROSACEA

Clin Exp Dermatol. 2022 Mar 26. doi: 10.1111/ced.15192. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35340041 | DOI:10.1111/ced.15192 {url} = URL to article

Pharmaceutics. 2022 Mar 3;14(3):557. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030557. ABSTRACT Skin, an exterior interface of the human body is home to commensal microbiota and also acts a physical barrier that protects from invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. In recent years, interest has significantly expanded beyond the gut microbiome to include the skin microbiome and its influence in managing several skin disorders. Probiotics play a major role in maintaining human health and disease prevention. Topical probiotics have demonstrated beneficial effects for the treatment of certain inflammatory skin diseases such as acne, rosacea, psoriasis etc., and also found to have a promising role in wound healing. In this review, we discuss recent insights into applications of topical probiotics and their influence on health and diseases of the skin. Patents, commercially available topical probiotics, and novel probiotic impregnated fabrics have been emphasized. A thorough understanding of the relationship between probiotics and the skin microbiome is important for designing novel therapeutic approaches in using topical probiotics. PMID:35335933 | DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14030557 {url} = URL to article More information on Probiotics (members only)

J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 9;11(6):1507. doi: 10.3390/jcm11061507. ABSTRACT Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and has been associated with a wide range of diseases. Thiols are the most important compounds in antioxidant defense. There is an equilibrium between thiols and their oxidized forms, disulfides, known as dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH). In 2014, Erel and Neselioglu developed a novel automated assay to measure thiol and disulfide levels. Subsequently, many researchers have used this simple, inexpensive and fast method for evaluating TDH in various disorders. We have reviewed the literature on the role of TDH in skin diseases. We identified 26 studies that evaluated TDH in inflammatory diseases (psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, acne vulgaris and rosacea), allergic diseases (acute and chronic urticaria) and infectious diseases (warts, pityriasis rosea and tinea versicolor). The results are heterogeneous, but in most cases indicate changes in TDH that shifted toward disulfides or toward thiols, depending on the extent of oxidative damage. PMID:35329832 | DOI:10.3390/jcm11061507 {url} = URL to article

J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 17;11(6):1671. doi: 10.3390/jcm11061671. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disorder. The visiting trends and prescribing patterns involving Korean patients with rosacea have not been thoroughly examined. To examine the visiting trends of patients with rosacea, and to analyze the prescription patterns of Korean dermatologists managing such patients, a retrospective cross-sectional study on dermatology outpatients who visited the seven affiliated hospitals of The Catholic University of Korea between 2007 and 2018 was performed. A total of 56,651 visits were made by rosacea patients. The mean annual number of hospital visits made by rosacea patients over a 6-year period increased from 2456 in 2007-2012 to 6985 in 2013-2018. Hospital visits were most prevalent in female patients aged 40 to 59 years. There was no statistically significant difference in patient visitation between the seasons. As for prescriptions, systemic antibiotics were most commonly prescribed, followed by antihistamines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and retinoids. Among the topical agents, metronidazole was the most prescribed agent during 2007-2012, whereas calcineurin inhibitors were favored most during 2013-2018. Dermatology outpatient visits by individuals with rosacea have increased in Korea over time. The real-world prescription trend presented here may help dermatologists facilitate better treatment strategies and provide appropriate guidance to patients with rosacea. PMID:35329996 | DOI:10.3390/jcm11061671 {url} = URL to article

Int J Dermatol. 2022 Mar 24. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16160. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tranexamic acid is a plasmin inhibitor that is used off-label for the treatment of melasma. The use of tranexamic acid has expanded in the field of dermatology based on its anti-inflammatory and anti-melanin-producing properties, which include the treatment of rosacea, urticaria, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Tranexamic acid may have more uses in dermatology that require future studies. It should be used with caution during the COVID-19 pandemic given its procoagulant nature. PMID:35323992 | DOI:10.1111/ijd.16160 {url} = URL to article RRDi Members Only

Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2022 Mar 21:S0004-27492022005005209. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20230043. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare ocular surface parameters in rosacea patients with those of controls. METHODS: Ninety-three participants took part in this cross-sectional, observational, non-interventional study. These consisted of a rosacea group (n=40) and a control group (n=53). We compared objective parameters of the ocular surface, including conjunctival hyperemia, tear film stability and volume, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, and ocular surface staining, between the two groups. RESULTS: In the rosacea group, 69.23% were female. The mean age was 47.34 ± 12.62 years old. No statistically significant differences between groups were found in visual acuity (p=0.987), tear film parameters (tear meniscus height (p=0.338), noninvasive tear film rupture time (p=0.228), invasive rupture time (p=0.471), Schirmer's test scores (p=0.244), conjunctival hyperemia (p=0.106), and fluorescein staining (p=0.489). Significant differences were found in meibography evaluations (p=0.026), mucous layer integrity (p=0.015), and ocular surface symptoms (p<0.0001). Rosacea patients also showed important eyelid differences in glandular expressibility (p<0.001), glandular secretion pattern (p<0.001), and telangiectasia (p<0.001) compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Meibomian gland dysfunction is frequently associated with dermatological conditions. It can be observed in morphological findings from meibography as well as lipid secretion impairment, leading to evaporative dry eye, ocular surface dysfunction, and inflammation. PMID:35319654 | DOI:10.5935/0004-2749.20230043 {url} = URL to article MGD has been added to the list of systemic comorbidities in rosacea.

Comput Math Methods Med. 2022 Mar 11;2022:1636839. doi: 10.1155/2022/1636839. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rose acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can cause paroxysmal flushing, persistent erythema, papules or papules on the face, and pustules, and it has a greater impact on the life of patients, so it is important to treat it. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the curative effect evaluation and prognosis of patients with rose acne. Patients and Methods. The clinical data of 110 rose acne patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the subject of this retrospective study. They were divided into a control group and a treatment group according to the random residue grouping method. The new crown epidemic, loss to follow-up, etc. fell out of 5 cases in each group, and finally, 50 cases in each group were left. Among them, the control group was treated with PDT, and the treatment group was combined with Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder on the basis of the control group. Then we observe and compare the effects of skin lesion scores and clinical symptom scores and differences in clinical efficacy between the two groups. RESULTS: The comparison of the clinical symptom scores of the two groups of patients before treatment was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), while the burning score, tingling score, dryness score, and pruritus score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different. The internal comparison after treatment was lower than before treatment, and the comparison between the treatment groups was significantly higher than the control group, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the skin lesion scores of the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), while the papules score, pustule score, erythema score, and telangiectasia score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different and compared within the group. After treatment, the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group, and the comparison was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The effective rate of 98.00% in the treatment group was significantly higher than the 76.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients showed that the rash, chest tightness, nausea, and diarrhea of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with PDT to treat rose acne is effective, can quickly control inflammatory papules and inflammatory erythema, effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, and reduce adverse reactions. PMID:35309844 | PMC:PMC8933099 | DOI:10.1155/2022/1636839 {url} = URL to article

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022 Feb;15(2):35-39. ABSTRACT Rosacea hereditary predisposition has been hypothesized based on family inheritance and twin concordance. Currently, information concerning intrafamilial rosacea transmission are still limited to few generations. The aim of our study was to assess data on rosacea intrafamilial transmission spanning six generations. One-hundred and thirty patients affected by rosacea who visited our acne and rosacea clinic from June 2018 to June 2019 were consecutively enrolled in this study. During clinical evaluation, an accurate anamnesis, including familiarity across six generations, which included vertical, horizontal, and combined transmission, was performed. Affected relatives were clinically evaluated, and in those in which clinical consultation was not feasible, clinical photos were obtained. The results showed that 64 of 130 patients (49.2%) were positive for at least a family member with rosacea. In addition, 90 affected relatives (69.2%) were identified by extending the familial investigation to the whole kindred, finding a percentage of familiarity (69.2%) higher than that reported in the literature (30-50%) with a 1:1.4. ratio of patients positive for familiarity/affected relative. Our study contributes to add knowledge about intrafamilial involvement in rosacea. Extending the search to all potential affected parents and offspring of rosacea patients can promote early diagnosis along with the adoption of correct therapeutic interventions and educational programs to prevent the exposure to triggering or exacerbating factors. PMID:35309876 | PMC:PMC8884184 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/forums/forum/66-genetic-theory/

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Mar 21. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14692. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Botulin toxin (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, since its approval by FDA in 2002 for cosmetic purpose has been widely used. Recent studies indicate that it exerts its activity on various type of skin cells and can be used in some dermatological disease. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to demonstrate how to use a peculiar dilution of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of some dermatological disease like mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris and erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 patients were enrolled, 35 with mild-to-moderate acne and 15 with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Both group of patients were treated with a specific dilution of Onabotulinum toxin A called Microbotox. Patient images were taken before and 4 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: The authors and patients were extremely satisfied with their treatments. There were no immediate or delayed complication in none of both group of patients. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin shows a great promise either in dermatological disease like mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris and erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Microbotox appears to be a valid, long-lasting, and a standardized approach to treat these kind of two disease. PMID:35312149 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14692 {url} = URL to article RRDi Members ONLY:

Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2022 Mar 11:S0001-7310(22)00210-1. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.02.026. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Rosacea is a chronic acneiform skin disorder in which impaired skin barrier function can lead to sensitization to allergens. We aimed to analyze contact allergies in our patients with rosacea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent patch testing in our skin allergy clinic between May 1991 and May 2019. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients with rosacea were referred to our clinic for patch testing during the study period; they represented 2.1% of all patch tested patients in the period. Eighty-one percent were women (mean age, 44.7 years). At least 1 positive patch test was recorded for 46.5%; 15% were of current relevance. The most frequent positive reaction was to nickel (26%), followed by cobalt chloride (6.5%), isothiazolinones (6%), p-phenylenediamine (5.5%), fragrance mix II (5%), and thimerosal (3.5%). The most common currently relevant patch test reactions were to isothiazolinones in 10 of the 200 patients (5%); to phenylenediamine, fragrance mix II, and toluensulfonamide formaldehyde resin in 4 patients (2%) each; and to tixocortol and fragrance mix I in 2 patients (1%) each. The allergen groups most often implicated were metals (of current relevance in 12.6%) and drugs (of current relevance in 25.8%). Preservatives and fragrances were the next most common allergen groups, and 70.8% and 43.7% of the positive reactions in these groups, respectively, were of current relevance. Cosmetics were the most frequent source of sensitization, followed by topical medications - notably corticosteroids and antifungal agents. CONCLUSIONS: We emphasize the high prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis in patients with rosacea, a finding which supports patch testing, especially if eruptions worsen when these patients use cosmetics and topical medications. PMID:35288101 | DOI:10.1016/j.ad.2022.02.026 {url} = URL to article

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2022 Mar 6;16:659-670. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S345258. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis mainly involving facial skin, leading to physical and emotional problems, which greatly affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and willingness to pay (WTP) are well-established instruments assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), while very few studies have been focused on this topic about rosacea in China. The present study investigated HRQoL in Chinese rosacea patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 973 patients with rosacea. Sociodemographic data, clinical features and DLQI were collected, and WTP was assessed by three standardized items. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to investigate independent factors influencing QoL. RESULTS: A total of 921 questionnaires were accomplished by participants. The mean DLQI score was 11.6 (median 11). Patients were willing to pay an average of € 896.2 (median € 368.1) for complete cure. 33.3% would like to pay more than 20% of their monthly income to achieve sustainable control. There were positive correlations between WTP with DLQI (P < 0.05). DLQI could be independently impacted by age (21-30 and 31-40 relative to > 50, OR = 3.242 and 3.617, respectively), the occupational requirement of appearance (high, OR = 4.410), disease duration (< 2 years, OR = 1.582), edema (OR = 1.844) and severity of flushing, burning, stinging and pruritus (severe, OR = 2.003, 1.981, 2.491, 2.249, respectively). There were no significant associations between WTP and most of the clinical factors. CONCLUSION: The QoL was greatly impaired and should not be ignored among rosacea patients in China. Patients aged 21-40y, having occupational requirement of appearance, with the disease duration less than 2 years, and suffering severe flushing and related sensitive symptoms were more likely to have severe or very severe limitation of QoL. PMID:35283624 | PMC:PMC8910444 | DOI:10.2147/PPA.S345258 {url} = URL to article

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Mar 12. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18049. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rosacea and demodicosis are common facial conditions in dermatology practice. While demodicosis is clearly the result of Demodex mite infestation, the pathogenicity of rosacea is still not sufficiently explained, so that it is defined by its symptoms, and not by its cause. It is usually considered as a disease of the immune system associated with neurogenic inflammation triggered by various factors (ultraviolet light, heat, spicy food, alcohol, stress, microorganisms). Its links with demodicosis remain controversial, although there is increasing evidence that Demodex mites may play a key role in the inflammatory process. Indeed, high Demodex densities are observed in nearly all cases of rosacea with papulopustules (PPR) and the papulopustules of rosacea can be effectively treated with topical acaricidal agents. Recent studies suggest that Demodex induces two opposite actions on host immunity: a defensive immune response aimed at eliminating the mite and an immunosuppressive action aimed at favoring its own proliferation. Moreover, the initial defensive immune response is likely diverted towards benefit for the mite, via T-cell exhaustion induced by the immunosuppressive properties of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may also explain the favorable influence that the altered vascular background of rosacea seems to exert on Demodex proliferation. In this review, the evidence for and against a causal role of Demodex in rosacea is discussed, applying three systems traditionally used to attribute causality to a disease (modified Koch criteria, Hill criteria for causality, Rothman model). The findings suggest that PPR can reasonably be attributed to Demodex proliferation, which appears to be a necessary factor in the center of a causal network in which multiple co-factors interact and influence the occurrence and severity of inflammatory symptoms, from limited (pityriasis folliculorum) to more marked (PPR). PPR could therefore be considered as a chronic infection by Demodex mites with associated T-cell exhaustion. PMID:35278332 | DOI:10.1111/jdv.18049 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/demodectic_rosacea/

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Mar 12. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14877. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35278338 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14877 {url} = URL to article

J Autoimmun. 2022 Mar 9;128:102811. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102811. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although the contribution of aberrant CD4+ T cell signaling to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well established, its role in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) skin is largely unknown. Because the rate of systemic manifestations varies in each subtype, resident memory CD4+ T cells in lesions that are responsible for only skin-associated tissue responses may vary in each subtype. However, the role of CD4+ tissue-resident memory T (CD4+ Trm) cells in each CLE subtype remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To analyze and compare CD4+ Trm cells and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) identified by smart RNA sequencing (Smart-seq) in CD4+ Trm cells from patients with acute CLE (ACLE), subacute CLE (SCLE), and localized discoid lupus erythematosus (localized DLE) lesions. METHODS: We performed Smart-seq to investigate differences in dermal CD4+ Trm cells between patients with ACLE and normal controls (NCs). Multicolor immunohistochemistry was utilized to measure the levels of AIM2 in CD4+ Trm cells present in the skin of 134 clinical patients, which included patients with localized DLE (n = 19), ACLE (n = 19), SCLE (n = 16), psoriasis (n = 12), rosacea (n = 17), lichen planus (n = 18), and annular granuloma (n = 15), as well as NCs (n = 18). RESULTS: The Smart-seq data showed higher AIM2 expression in skin CD4+ Trm cells from ACLE lesions than NCs (fold change >10, adjusted P < 0.05). AIM2 expression in CD4+ Trm cells did not vary according to age or sex. AIM2 expression in CD4+ Trm cells was significantly lower in patients with ACLE (6.38 ± 5.22) than localized DLE (179.41 ± 160.98, P < 0.0001) and SCLE (63.43 ± 62.27, P < 0.05). In an overall comparison of ACLE with localized DLE and SCLE, the receiver operating characteristic curve for AIM2 expression in CD4+ Trm cells had a sensitivity of 100.00% and a specificity of 82.86% at a cutoff value of 18.26. In a comparison of ACLE with localized DLE, the sensitivity was 89.47%, and the specificity was 100.00% at a cutoff value of 12.26. In a comparison of ACLE with SCLE, the sensitivity was 100.00%, and the specificity was 75.00% at a cutoff value of 18.26. CONCLUSIONS: The number of CD4+ Trm cells is increased in lesions of SCLE and localized DLE compared to ACLE, suggesting that CD4+ Trm cells may have a more crucial role in persistent lesions of SCLE and localized DLE. In addition, AIM2 expression in CD4+ Trm cells discriminates patients with ACLE from those with localized DLE and SCLE. PMID:35278775 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102811 {url} = URL to article

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Mar 11. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18050. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The assessment of the prevalence of diseases is of primary importance in planning health policies. No complete data on the prevalence of skin diseases across European countries are available. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of the most frequent skin conditions or diseases in 27 European countries (24 EU countries, plus Norway, Switzerland, and UK). METHODS: We conducted a population-based study on representative and extrapolable samples of the general population aged 18 years or more in each of the 27 countries surveyed. Participants were selected using a stratified, proportional sampling with replacement design. Data were collected using a web-based online survey. All participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire with sociodemographic data and to declare if they have had one or more skin conditions or diseases during the previous 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 44,689 participants from 27 countries responded to the questionnaire, 21,887 (48.98%) men and 22,802 (51.02%) women. The proportion of participants who reported having suffered from at least one dermatological condition or disease during the previous 12 months was 43.35% [95% CI 42.89%, 43.81%)]. The projection in the total population of the 27 countries included in the study resulted in 185,103,774 individuals affected by at least one dermatological condition or disease. Accordingly, we can estimate that more 94 million Europeans complain of uncomfortable skin sensations like itch, burning, or dryness. The most frequent conditions were fungal skin infections (8.9%), acne (5.4%), and atopic dermatitis or eczema (5.5%). Alopecia, acne, eczema and rosacea were more common in women, whereas men were more likely to suffer from psoriasis and sexually transmitted infections. CONCLUSION: Skin diseases are an important public health concern. Their high prevalence has to be taken into account in planning access to dermatological care to address patient needs. PMID:35274366 | DOI:10.1111/jdv.18050 {url} = URL to article

Dermatology. 2022 Mar 4:1-5. doi: 10.1159/000522494. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The symptoms of ocular rosacea are often non-specific and there is no dependable diagnostic test for the disease, which may cause difficulties in diagnostics. The aim of this study was to examine the association between clinical findings of rosacea and self-reported ocular symptoms in a general population of middle-aged subjects. METHODS: A clinical whole-body examination by a dermatologist was performed for 1,932 subjects belonging to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study. The presence of ocular symptoms was self-reported. The difference between rosacea and ocular symptoms was tested. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations between rosacea and ocular symptoms. RESULTS: The prevalence of rosacea was 15.1% (n = 292); in the subjects with rosacea, erythematoteleangiectatic rosacea was found in 83.2% (n = 242), papulopustular in 15.4% (n = 45), ocular in 0.03% (n = 1), and phymatic in 0.1% (n = 3). Ocular symptoms in rosacea subjects were common, with dryness (32.3%), tearing (29.4%), foreign-body sensation (21.8%), and photophobia (20.5%) being the most common ones. Foreign-body sensation was reported significantly more often in those with rosacea compared to those without (p < 0.04). In logistic regression analyses, after adjusting, the subjects with rosacea had a 1.5-fold increased risk for decreased visual acuity in the dark (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01-2.14) compared to those without rosacea. CONCLUSION: Eye symptoms are common in subjects with rosacea. All patients with rosacea should be asked about ocular symptoms and both skin and eyelids should be examined even if the cutaneous findings are mild. PMID:35249014 | DOI:10.1159/000522494 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/forums/forum/124-ocular-manifestations/

Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2022 Mar 1;46(1):54-59. doi: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2021.93685. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: An increase in the counts of the Demodex mites that exist in the microbiota of healthy individuals may lead to some dermatological diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Demodex spp. among patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris, rosacea, perioral dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, and pityriasis folliculorum and the relationship between the demographic and clinical data of such patients and Demodex. METHODS: This study included 144 patients (70 with acne vulgaris, 6 with pityriasis folliculorum, 15 with seborrheic dermatitis, 39 with rosacea, 8 with eczema, and 6 with perioral dermatitis) and 73 healthy subjects. We evaluated Demodex positivity using the standard superficial skin biopsy method in all groups. The presence of more than five Demodex mites per square centimeter was considered positive at the diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 144 patients included in the study, 107 (74.3%) were female, and 37 (25.7%) were male, while 40 (54.8%) of the 73 healthy subjects were female, and 33 (45.2%) were male. Twenty-one patients (14.5%) and five of the healthy subjects (6.8%) tested positive for Demodex. We found that Demodex positivity rates in the rosacea and acne vulgaris groups were higher than in the control group. However, this level was not statistically significant (p>0.05). We found the highest positivity rate among the patient groups in the pityriasis folliculorum (4/6, 66.7%), rosacea (8/39, 20.5%), and perioral dermatitis (1/6, 16.7%) groups. Lastly, we found no statistically significant relationship between the demographic and clinical characteristics of the groups and Demodex positivity (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study is the only study that investigated Demodex positivity in six different dermatological diseases. Based on the results, we believe that investigating Demodex spp. positivity in dermatological diseases such as acne vulgaris, rosacea, and pityriasis folliculorum would be beneficial for early diagnosis and treatment. PMID:35232707 | DOI:10.4274/tpd.galenos.2021.93685 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/demodectic_rosacea/

J Dermatol. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16329. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease involving millions of patients worldwide. Previous studies have highlighted the upregulation of a variety of chemokines in the skin lesions of both rosacea patient and rosacea-like mouse model. However, the serum levels of these chemokines and their clinical significance have not been explored before. In this study, we aimed at examining the serum levels of a series of chemokines (including CCL2, CCL3, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL12) implicated in rosacea and their correlation with disease severity. Bio-Plex Pro Human Chemokine Assays were used to measure the serum levels of these chemokines. Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) was applied for assessing the papules/pustules of rosacea patients, while persistent erythema was evaluated by the Clinician's Erythema Assessment (CEA). Our results revealed that the serum concentration of CCL3, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were markedly elevated in rosacea patients compared to healthy controls. Among them, the levels of CCL3, CXCL8, and CXCL9 were positively correlated with the IGA score, while serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 were positively related with the CEA score of rosacea patients. What's more, the expression of the corresponding receptors of CCL3 (Ccr1), CXCL8 (Cxcr1 and Cxcr2), CXCL9, and CXCL10 (Cxcr3) were all significantly increased in the skin lesions of rosacea-like mouse model with CXCR2 and CXCR3 highly expressed in rosacea patient skins. Our results indicated that CCL3, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 might potentially serve as serum indicators for rosacea and could assist the severity evaluation of disease. Findings in this study would also potentially help to develop new targeted therapies for rosacea in future. © 2022 Japanese Dermatological Association. PMID:35233832 | DOI:10.1111/1346-8138.16329 {url} = URL to article More information on Cytokines and Rosacea

Contact Dermatitis. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/cod.14089. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This review aims to provide a clinically useful update regarding the role of formaldehyde (FA) and its five main releasers (FRs) quaternium-15, diazolidinyl urea, DMDM hydantoin, imidazolidinyl urea and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (bronopol) in contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis. These ubiquitous preservatives are still often, and sometimes undeclared, present in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, household detergents and chemical (industrial) products. In Europe, the use of free FA and quaternium-15 in cosmetics is forbidden and contact allergy rates have been found to be stable to decreasing. However, FA/FRs still readily provoke localized (e.g., facial/hand), airborne and generalized dermatitis, and may also complicate atopic and stasis dermatitis, or result in nummular dermatitis. Seborrheic-, rosacea- and impetigo-like dermatitis have recently been reported. For a correct diagnosis, FA 2% aq. (0.60 mg/cm2 ) should be used, and particularly the FRs bronopol 0.5% pet. and diazolidinyl urea 2% should be patch tested separately in a baseline series. If sensitization to FA occurs, both FA and FRs should preferably be avoided, except perhaps for bronopol in case it tests negatively. If a patient reacts to one or more FRs (such as bronopol, or diazolidinyl/imidazolidinyl urea), but not to FA, then the specific FR(s) should be avoided. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID:35229319 | DOI:10.1111/cod.14089 {url} = URL to article

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022 Feb 28:1-10. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2021.2025251. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Ocular rosacea is a chronic potentially sight-threatening inflammatory condition, which can occur in approximately 20% of patients without skin involvement. However, an accurate diagnosis of ocular rosacea has not been defined yet due to its rather nonspecific symptoms and clinical findings. Therefore, this article updates the current recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of ocular rosacea and the previously published consensus recommendations from the ROSCO expert panel on the management of rosacea. PMID:35226588 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2021.2025251 {url} = URL to article Two fo the authors of this article volunteer on the RRDi MAC.

Yonago Acta Med. 2022 Jan 4;65(1):88-89. doi: 10.33160/yam.2022.02.003. eCollection 2022 Feb. ABSTRACT A 50-year-old Japanese woman referred to us with erythematous nodules on her left cheek. She had been treated with topical corticosteroids on her left cheek at a previous local clinic for 4 years. A skin biopsy specimen from a nodule showed perifolliculitis and folliculitis with a destruction of hair follicle without epidermal involvement. Based on the patient's history of the long-term topical corticosteroids and physical examination, we finally diagnosed this case as unilateral steroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis (SIRD). She stopped topical steroid and was treated with topical application of benzoyl peroxide. One and a half year after starting the treatment, the nodules were flattened. Use of long-term and only unilateral application of topical corticosteroids probably resulted in unique clinical findings in our case. Given the broad clinical differential diagnosis, our case highlights the importance of appropriate application of topical steroids as well as histopathological analysis on any facial erythematous nodules. PMID:35221764 | PMC:PMC8857669 | DOI:10.33160/yam.2022.02.003 {url} = URL to article

Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022 Jan 1;12(1):e2022030. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1201a30. eCollection 2022 Feb. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Facial melanosis is one of the most common reasons for which patients refer to a dermatologist in Nepal. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the dermoscopic findings of common facial melanoses and correlate them with findings from Wood lamp examination. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital. We recruited a total of 204 patients from July 2020 to March 2021. The most common diagnosis was melasma (37 patients) followed by melasma with steroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis (29 patients). After collecting clinical and demographic data, patients underwent Wood lamp and dermoscopic examination. RESULTS: Dermoscopy of ashy dermatosis and nevus of Ota revealed blue-gray pigmentation forming a curvilinear pattern; café-au-lait macule and nevus spilus revealed a light brown reticular pattern with follicular sparing; and a reticular and hem-like pattern of pigmentation was observed in clofazimine-induced pigmentation, peribuccal pigmentation of Brocq and periorbital pigmentation. The degree of agreement between Wood lamp and dermoscopic findings was found to be statistically significant in melasma (κ = 0.701, P = 0.0001) and melasma with steroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis (κ = 0.628, P = 0.0001). While the agreement between the two techniques was 100% for epidermal types, it decreased to 44.8% for dermal melasma and 61.5% for dermal melasma with steroid-induced rosacea-like dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Dermoscopy is useful in assessing facial melanoses. It may be supplemented with Wood lamp examination to increase diagnostic accuracy. PMID:35223174 | PMC:PMC8824457 | DOI:10.5826/dpc.1201a30 {url} = URL to article

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 24:S0190-9622(22)00152-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.01.023. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35219751 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2022.01.023 {url} = URL to article