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Biomedicines. 2022 Feb 16;10(2):463. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10020463. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting facial skin. It is associated with immune and vascular dysfunction mediated via increased expression and activity of cathelicidin and kallikrein 5 (KLK5), a serine protease of stratum corneum. Therefore, KLK5 inhibitors are considered as therapeutic agents for improving the underlying pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of rosacea. Here, we isolated the active constituents of Artemisia lavandulaefolia (A. lavandulaefolia) and investigated their inhibitory effect on KLK5 protease activity. Using bioassay-guided isolation, two bioactive compounds including chlorogenic acid isomers, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid A) (1), and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid C) (2) were isolated from A. lavandulaefolia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of isochlorogenic acids A and C on dysregulation of vascular and immune responses to rosacea, and elucidated their molecular mechanisms of action. The two chlorogenic acid isomers inhibit KLK5 protease activity, leading to reduced conversion of inactive cathelicidin into active LL-37. This inhibition of LL-37 production by isochlorogenic acids A and C reveals the efficacy of suppressing the expression of inflammatory mediators induced by LL-37 in immune cells such as macrophages and mast cells. In addition, both isomers of chlorogenic acid directly inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells induced by LL-37. PMID:35203672 | DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10020463 {url} = URL to article

Eur J Dermatol. 2022 Feb 22. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2022.4236. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35195526 | DOI:10.1684/ejd.2022.4236 {url} = URL to article

Dermatol Ther. 2022 Feb 20:e15395. doi: 10.1111/dth.15395. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin (BTX) combined with broadband light (BBL) in the treatment of rosacea related erythema and flushing. METHODS: A randomized, single-blind, split-face controlled study including 22 patients with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea were enrolled. Both cheeks were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. They were treated 3 times with an interval of 1 month. In first treatment the experimental group received broadband light treatment and intradermal injection of botulinum toxin, and the control group received broadband light treatment and intradermal injection of the same amount of normal saline; in second and third treatments were both groups received the same broadband light treatment. The patients were evaluated before the first treatment and 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months after the treatment. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the hydration in the experimental group increased and the Global Flushing Symptom Score, VISIA red value, erythema index, Transepidermal water loss and sebum secretion decreased. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, at 3 months after the first treatment, compared with before treatment, the Global Flushing Symptom Score, VISIA red value, erythema index, Transepidermal water loss and sebum secretion decreased the hydration increased. The sebum secretion returned to the pre-treatment level in 6 months after treatment, and the other indexes maintained the level in 3 months after treatment. One patient had a slight lifting limitation of the corners of his mouth after 10 days of botulinum toxin injection, without special treatment, and recovered after 1 month. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin intradermal injection combined with broadband light has a definite therapeutic effect on the improvement of rosacea related erythema and flushing, which is better than simple broadband light, and has high safety. It is worthy of clinical promotion. PMID:35187781 | DOI:10.1111/dth.15395 {url} = URL to article

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Feb 18. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14863. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:35181988 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14863 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/demodectic_rosacea/

J Dermatol. 2022 Feb 17. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16317. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with facial redness and acne-like papules and pustules. The characteristics and background of rosacea patients in Japan have not been well documented. In this study, we retrospectively collected the medical information of rosacea patients, and investigated the background, complications, exacerbating factors, and status of allergy. Between January 2010 and December 2020, 431 cases were diagnosed as rosacea or rosacea-like dermatitis. We selected 340 patients, in which we could confirm telangiectasia on facial skin. Females and males numbered 266 and 74, respectively. The average age of the first visit was 51.5 years, and the youngest and oldest were 11 and 88 years old. Among 340 cases, 323 had erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, 97 papulopustular rosacea, 20 phymatous rosacea presenting as rhinophyma, and four had symptoms of ocular rosacea. The most common complication was hay fever (93 individuals, 27.4%), and 66 (19.4%) had a medical history of contact dermatitis. Temperature differences (141 individuals, 41.5%) were the most common exacerbating factor followed by sunlight exposure (60 individuals, 17.6%). Seventy-eight individuals received allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E tests, and IgE for cedar was the most frequently observed (46 individuals, 59.0%). High frequencies of IgE for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus or D. farinae (33 individuals, 42.3%) and house dust I (31 individuals, 39.7%) suggested that environmental conditions at home would affect rosacea symptoms. Since the facial skin is exposed to environmental stimuli every moment, this retrospective observation suggested the importance of the daily lifestyle guidance as well as medical treatments. PMID:35174900 | DOI:10.1111/1346-8138.16317 {url} = URL to article

PLoS One. 2022 Feb 16;17(2):e0263912. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263912. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiology and disease burden of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in college freshmen in China. METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional survey was carried out among 9227 freshmen of two comprehensive universities in two cities of China (Changsha and Xiamen) from September 2018 to October 2018. Questionnaires covering basic issues, surrounding demographic information, history of diseases, living habits, comorbidities, etc. were completed online in a self-reported manner Dermatological examination was performed by certified dermatologists. The disease burden of AGA, which includes health-related quality of life, symptoms of anxiety, symptoms of depression and quality of sleep, was measured by EQ-5D-3L, PHQ-2, GAD-2 and PSQI, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of AGA in college freshmen in China was 5.3/1000. Male was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AGA (7.9/1000, P<0.01) while female with lower risk of AGA (OR = 0.29, P = 0.002). There was no significant association between BMI and AGA, nor predilection of AGA in the Han nationality or the other ethnic minorities. Annual household income or parental highest educational level exerted no significant influence on the prevalence of AGA. Rosacea (OR = 3.22, P = 0.019) was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AGA while acne seemed not to be related to AGA. The scores of EQ-5D, GAD-2, PHQ-2 and PSQI were not significantly different between students with and without AGA. CONCLUSION: The onset of AGA in Chinese college freshmen differ between genders and was significantly associated with rosacea. PMID:35171966 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0263912 {url} = URL to article

Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 5;23(3):1813. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031813. ABSTRACT Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the US with an increasing prevalence worldwide. While ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a well-known risk factor, there is emerging evidence that the microbiota may also contribute. In recent years, the human microbiota has become a topic of great interest, and its association with inflammatory skin diseases (i.e., atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea) has been explored. Little is known of the role of microbiota in skin cancer, but with the recognized link between microbial dysbiosis and inflammation, and knowledge that microbiota modulates the effect of UV-induced immunosuppression, theories connecting the two have surfaced. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the key literature on human microbiota, especially the skin microbiota, and skin cancer (i.e., non-melanoma skin cancer, melanoma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma). Also, mechanistic perspectives as to how our microbiota influence skin cancer development and treatment are offered. PMID:35163734 | DOI:10.3390/ijms23031813 {url} = URL to article

Optom Vis Sci. 2022 Feb 10. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001879. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT SIGNIFICANCE: As the global multiracial population grows, this case series highlights the current under- and misdiagnosis of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea and the importance of properly identifying the condition in a darkly pigmented pediatric population. PURPOSE: This series aims to report the clinical presentation of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea and adverse sequelae of misdiagnosis in two pediatric African American patients. CASE REPORT: One 11-year-old male and one 10-year-old female, both darkly pigmented African American patients, presented with a history of chronic ocular irritation. The male patient was seen by an eyecare provider eight times over the past seven years for recurrent anterior ocular inflammation. The female patient presented to the clinic with chronic anterior segment ocular inflammation for one year. Both patients were previously treated for their acute signs and symptoms. The male patient was diagnosed with ocular rosacea and the female patient was diagnosed with oculocutaneous rosacea. Both patients were subsequently treated for their underlying inflammatory condition, yielding an improvement in their ocular health. CONCLUSIONS: These two cases bring attention to the under- and misdiagnosis of ocular and oculocutaneous rosacea in pediatric patients with darkly pigmented skin. Timely and accurate diagnosis is critical to minimize the risk of significant visual and dermatological sequelae. PMID:35149631 | DOI:10.1097/OPX.0000000000001879 {url} = URL to article

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb 7:S0190-9622(22)00195-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.062. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Racial and ethnic disparities in dermatology negatively affect outcomes such as mortality and quality of life. Dermatologists and dermatologic surgeons should be familiar with disease-specific inequities that may influence their practice. The second article in this two-part continuing medical education series highlights gaps in frequency, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes by race and ethnicity. We review cutaneous malignancies including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma, and inflammatory disorders including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acne vulgaris, and rosacea. PMID:35143915 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.062 {url} = URL to article

Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jan 20;8:798294. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.798294. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The advantage of pulsed dye laser (PDL) for the treatment of rosacea is not yet clear. This meta-analysis compared the curative effect of PDL to neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser for the treatment of rosacea. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for clinical studies on the efficacy of PDL for the treatment of rosacea through October 13, 2021, and heterogeneity tests among studies were evaluated. Meta-analysis was conducted to combine the effects of physicians' clinical assessments, patient global assessment, erythema index, and visual analog scale. RESULTS: A total of 326 articles were obtained from three databases and ten articles were finally included. The clinical improvements of >50% clearance of up to 68.6% in the PDL group and 71.4% in the control group, and the subjective satisfaction rate of patients in the PDL group of 88.6% compared to 91.4% in the Nd:YAG group, but there were no significant differences in the rates of patients with rosacea with clinical improvement (>50% clearance) (relative risk [RR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-1.17, P = 0.578) or patient subjective satisfaction rate (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.70-1.33, P = 0.808) between PDL and Nd:YAG groups for rosacea treatment. Also, the pain score for PDL and Nd:YAG were not significant (mean = 3.07, 95% CI: 1.82-4.32, P = 0.115). CONCLUSION: Two treatments all showed clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction for the treatment of rosacea, with no significant differences observed between treatments. The pain scores for PDL and Nd:YAG were not significant. PMID:35127754 | PMC:PMC8811442 | DOI:10.3389/fmed.2021.798294 {url} = URL to article

Dermatol Ther. 2022 Feb 3:e15356. doi: 10.1111/dth.15356. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Topical steroid damaged face (TSDF) is an entity caused by unsupervised and prolonged use of topical corticosteroids (TC) on the face. There is currently no definite treatment that can partially or completely reverse the changes seen in the facial skin in TSDF. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a biological product that is obtained from autologous centrifuged blood and it contains multiple growth factors for the skin and other body tissues. PRP has been employed as a treatment option in patients with steroid induced rosacea. We hereby report the results from 34 cases of TSDF who had been treated with PRP at our institute. Retrospective analysis of the data and digital photographs of these cases was carried out in October 2021 and the data analysis revealed a significant therapeutic benefit in most of the cases with excellent results in 76% (26/34) cases. Improvement was noticed after the first session only in majority of cases and in all the clinical parameters in the study patients. No adverse effects were reported in any patient in this series. PMID:35118757 | DOI:10.1111/dth.15356 {url} = URL to article

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Feb 1. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14816. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous disorder affecting primarily the face, characterized by erythema, transient or persistent, telangiectasia, and inflammatory lesions including papulo-pustules and swelling. The essential component of the disease is the persistent erythema of facial skin. Episodes of flushing (acute-subacute intermittent vasodilation) are common. Swelling and erythema of the nose along with dilatation of the pilosebaceous poral orifices, known as rhinophyma, can be noted in chronic cases. Rosacea affects up to 10% of the world population and is especially noted in fair skinned individuals aged 35 to 50. Women are affected more often than men. Several treatment modalities including topical medications, systemic drugs, lasers and light-based therapies have been used for the management of rosacea with variable results. Topical medications such as azelaic acid, metronidazole, and sulfacetamide/sulphur, oral antibiotics such as tetracyclines, and oral retinoids alone or, most commonly, in combination form the mainstay of treatment. Light therapies such as intense pulsed light and pulsed dye laser are best used for the eythemato-telangiectatic type. Topical brimonidine, oxymetazoline, ivermectin, tacrolimus, pimercrolimus, low-dose modified release tetracyclines and botulinum toxin are the new additions to the therapeutic armamentarium. This article provides a comprehensive review of the various therapies used for rosacea. PMID:35104917 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14816 {url} = URL to article Note: If rosacea "affects up to 10% of the world population" that would mean according to the World Population Clock showing 7.9 billion as the current number, that there are up to 790,000,000 cases of rosacea worldwide. For more information.

Cutis. 2021 Nov;108(5):271-275. doi: 10.12788/cutis.0390. ABSTRACT Topical drugs are used to treat a variety of cutaneous and noncutaneous conditions. Direct application to the skin can result in adverse cutaneous effects, including allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). In this article, we review medicament ACD with a focus on acne and rosacea medications, antimicrobials, antihistamines, and topical pain preparations. PMID:35100534 | DOI:10.12788/cutis.0390 {url} = URL to article

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021 Dec;14(12):16-23. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Minocycline efficacy for the treatment of papulopustular rosacea (PPR) has not been evaluated in clinical trials at levels demonstrated to stay below the antimicrobial threshold. We assessed the efficacy, safety, and dose response of DFD-29, a minocycline extended-release oral capsule. Two studies are reported (NCT03340961). METHODS: A single-center open-label, three-arm, Phase I pharmacokinetic study randomized 24 healthy subjects aged 18 to 45 years to receive 21 days of once-daily dosing with DFD-29 40 or 20mg, or doxycycline 40mg. Blood samples were collected over 24 hours on Days 1 and 21 to plot mean plasma concentration levels. A multicenter Phase II clinical trial randomized 205 subjects with mild-to-severe PPR 1:1:1:1 to receive once-daily DFD-29 40 or 20mg, doxycycline 40mg, or placebo for 16 weeks. Co-primary endpoints were the proportion of subjects achieving treatment success (IGA grade 0 or 1 and ≥2-grade improvement) at Week 16, and a reduction in total inflammatory lesion count at Week 16. RESULTS: Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that minocycline plasma levels of DFD-29 40mg were approximately half those of doxycycline 40mg after 21 days, with DFD-29 20mg even lower, demonstrating a dose response. In the Phase II trial, DFD-29 40mg met both co-primary endpoints, achieving IGA treatment success in 66.0 percent subjects versus 11.5 percent placebo (p<0.0001), 31.9 percent DFD-29 20mg (p=0.007), and 33.3 percent doxycycline 40mg (p<0.0010), and a mean reduction in lesion counts of -19.2 versus -7.3 placebo (p<0.0001), -12.6 DFD-29 20mg (p=0.0070), and -10.5 doxycycline 40mg (p=0.0004). LIMITATIONS: MIC values and plasma concentrations shown for antibacterial threshold data are mean values; fast absorbers/slow metabolizers could exceed the threshold, causing resistance selection pressure. CONCLUSION: DFD-29 40mg demonstrated significantly greater efficacy than placebo, DFD-29 20mg, and doxycycline 40mg at plasma concentrations predicted to be below the antimicrobial threshold for the treatment of PPR. PMID:35096250 | PMC:PMC8794488 {url} = URL to article

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021 Dec;14(12):49-54. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Rosacea is a common inflammatory cutaneous condition with a complex yet unknown etiopathogenesis. Diet and certain food items are known to trigger or worsen rosacea symptoms, but conflicting and often inconsistent advice is given to patients regarding this link. We provide an up-to-date literature review on the relationship between rosacea and diet. METHODS: Using the keywords "alcohol," "diet," "flushing," "food," "inflammation," "rosacea," "skin-gut axis" and "spice" we systemically searched the databases PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE for English-language articles in July 2020. RESULTS: The most frequently reported triggers implicated in rosacea include alcohol, spicy food, cinnamaldehyde-containing foods (e.g., tomatoes, citrus fruits, chocolate), hot drinks, and histamine-rich foods (e.g., aged cheese, wine, processed meats). Some food items appear to play a protective role, such as omega-3, which appears to protect against ocular rosacea. The relationship between certain food items and the subtype of rosacea is varied, with inconsistent results shown in the few studies that examined this. As an example, alcohol worsens flushing and fatty food triggers both erythematotelangiectatatic and phymatous rosacea in susceptible individuals. CONCLUSION: While several food types appear to be associated with exacerbation of rosacea, there are no recommendations that can be applied to all patients. Further studies are needed to examine the exact link between diet and rosacea subtypes. PMID:35096255 | PMC:PMC8794493 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/forums/forum/29-diet-triggers/

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jan 28. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14806. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Although rosacea is classically considered a skin disorder, recent evidence shows that it is emerging as a systemic vascular disease. The classical symptoms of burning, intense erythema and flushing could be related with several systemic and metabolic comorbidities. We highlight the role of sleep disturbance as a possible trigger for rosacea, which could be explained by the inflammatory and stressful conditions that can be produced by poor sleep. In particular, we call attention to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common multisystemic sleep disorder; it could be linked with rosacea in the context of the metabolic syndrome, which in turn is frequently associated with OSA. Obstructive sleep apnea may be accompanied by autonomic system activation and catecholamine release, which can aggravate rosacea. Poor sleep, resulting from any underlying cause, can have a range of effects including immunological modulation and intrinsic cutaneous changes (such as the impairment of skin barrier defense and changes in the skin microbiome), that may trigger rosacea. Further studies on this subject could provide more evidence on these relationships, and help to improve the patients' quality of life and management of this uncomfortable and potentially severe condition. PMID:35090184 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14806 {url} = URL to article Sleep Disturbance has now been added to the growing list of rosacea triggers.

Int Med Case Rep J. 2022 Jan 20;15:15-18. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S348092. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT Rhinophyma is characterized by progressive enlargement of the nasal skin, which is considered to be an advanced stage of phymatous rosacea. Esthetic disfigurement makes surgical treatment necessary for this condition. Hypertrophic scars are the consequence of alterations in the skin's healing process following surgical interventions. Laser may be the treatment of choice in hypertrophic scars. We reported a case of hypertrophic scars following excisional surgery and full-thickness skin grafting due to rhinophyma in an 18-year-old male who was consulted from the Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstruction. The 1064 nanometer (nm) Q-switched Neodymium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (QS Nd:YAG) with 4 mm spot size, 1.5 J/cm2 and 1 Hz was applied to the hypertrophic scars for three sessions within one month interval. Clinical improvement was observed as indicated by the patient's Vancouver scar scale score and spectrophotometry result, and no side effects were found. Nd:YAG laser is a non-ablative device that targets hemoglobin, water, and melanin. Any thermal effects on dermal tissue containing blood vessels could result in reduced blood flow through the capillaries in the dermal papillae. QS Nd:YAG-induced selective photothermolysis was responsible for collagen breakdown and reduced collagen production in hypertrophic scars. The 1064 nm QS Nd:YAG laser gave good results in this case although more treatment sessions may be recommended and a longer follow-up is necessary in order to assess the stability of the result. PMID:35087289 | PMC:PMC8789224 | DOI:10.2147/IMCRJ.S348092 {url} = URL to article

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2022 Jan 27. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14683. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The influence of nutrition on the pathophysiology and clinical severity of inflammatory facial dermatoses such as acne, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, and perioral dermatitis has been controversially discussed for years. As part of a modern treatment approach, clinicians should provide patients with information on how their choice of diet might impact their dermatologic diagnosis and could potentially enhance therapeutic outcome. Recently, the concept of a gut-skin axis has gained momentum in the understanding of inflammatory dermatoses, with nutrition considered a contributing factor in this context. For example, gastrointestinal symptoms in rosacea patients may indicate a dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, treatment of which may also improve severity of the skin disease. New research efforts were recently made for acne patients addressing the clinical effects of omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics. In contrast, due to the limited data available, no comparable specific dietary recommendations can yet be made for seborrheic or perioral dermatitis. However, there are promising signs that clinical nutrition and dermatology will be more extensively interlinked in the future, both clinically and scientifically. PMID:35088524 | DOI:10.1111/ddg.14683 {url} = URL to article https://irosacea.org/nutrition/

Dermatology. 2022 Jan 25:1-9. doi: 10.1159/000521294. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The inflammatory lesions of acne leave scars which greatly affect patients' quality of life. Treatment options targeting both acne and acne scars are still lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of epidermal growth factor ointment (EGFO) on acne and acne scars. METHODS: The study design was 12-week, prospective, split-face, single-blinded. The 36 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris applied EGFO on one side of the face and the vehicle ointment on the other side twice daily. The patients were assessed every 4 weeks by acne lesion and scar counts, investigator's global assessment for acne (IGA) and scar (SGA), and the ECCA scar grading scale. Biopsies were performed before and after treatment. RESULTS: Acne and acne scars were significantly improved on EGFO-treated sides, while control sides were not. Acne lesion and scar counts were significantly reduced after 4 weeks, while IGA, SGA, and ECCA grade significantly decreased after 8 weeks. Immunohistochemistry showed decreased expression of keratin 16, NF-κB p65, IL-1α, and IL-8, and increased expression of TGF-β1, elastin, and collagen type 1, 3 after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: EGFO can be a treatment option targeting acne and acne scars. PMID:35078198 | DOI:10.1159/000521294 {url} = URL to article

Indian J Dermatol. 2021 Sep-Oct;66(5):520-524. doi: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_401_21. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose etiopathogenesis is still unknown. Previous studies have shown a relationship between certain inflammatory disorders and serum endocan levels. Endocan (previously known as endothelial cell-specific molecule 1) might play a role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to evaluate serum endocan levels in patients with rosacea to investigate the association of endocan with the demographic data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study recruited individuals aged ≥18 years who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. The participants included 37 women (mean age: 48.29 ± 12.08 years) and 13 men (mean age: 52.23 ± 13.34 years) diagnosed with rosacea, and 37 women (mean age: 49.18 ± 16.6 years) and 13 men (mean age: 53.69 ± 11.30 years) selected as controls. Both groups were matched according to age and sex. The rosacea diagnosis was based on clinical examination findings, and serum endocan levels were measured using the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The statistical significance of the data was determined by the Mann-Whitney U test, and a value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Serum endocan levels differed significantly between the patients with rosacea and the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Circulating endocan might be a new marker related to disease progression in patients with rosacea. Further investigation is needed to determine whether endocan levels could become a new therapeutic target in rosacea, a disease that still cannot be fully cured. PMID:35068507 | PMC:PMC8751717 | DOI:10.4103/ijd.ijd_401_21 {url} = URL to article Tests to Differentiate Rosacea

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jan 23. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14747. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Efficacy of cosmetic routines is reportedly available in several dermatological conditions, such as acne or rosacea. However, clinical evidence about objective advantages of skincare routine remains limited despite advertising often claims benefits. METHOD: We aimed to assess the subject satisfaction level and the benefit from daily use of an advanced skincare routine named Method R. We used four different approaches to try and demonstrate the efficacy of the method: Transdermal delivery test, ex-vivo efficacy test, Visioscan® VC 20, and patient survey. MetR consists of a six-step routine that shows an increased epidermal penetration and activity due to liposomation. RESULTS: Transdermal delivery test and ex-vivo efficacy test show increased efficacy for liposomated actives. The skincare routine is well tolerated, and is associated with a marked efficacy in global quality of skin, dyschromia/pigmentation, brightness, and hydration according to patient perception. The subject satisfaction level is high and the routine is safe. The continuous use of the routine for one month or more results in objective changes when measured with Visioscan® VC 20 plus. PMID:35066958 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14747 {url} = URL to article

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Jan 19:S1081-1206(22)00015-1. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.01.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: We compare here the principal characteristics of over-the-counter moisturizers with physiologic lipid-based barrier repair therapy. DATA SOURCES: An extended literature revealed that moisturizers are considered standard ancillary therapy for anti-inflammatory skin disorders, like atopic dermatitis (AD). Additional studies have shown that physiologic lipid-based barrier repair therapy can comprise effective, stand-alone therapy for pediatric AD. RESULTS: Not all moisturizers are beneficial - some negatively impact skin function, and in doing so, they risk inducing or exacerbating inflammation in patients with AD. The frequent self-reported occurrences of 'sensitive skin' in atopics could reflect the potential toxicity of such formulations. A still unanswered question is whether improper formulations could also prove to be counterproductive in other types of sensitive skin, such as rosacea. In contrast, we show how physiologic lipid-based barrier repair therapy (BRT), if comprised of the three, key stratum corneum lipids in sufficient quantities and at an appropriate molar ratio, can correct the barrier abnormality thereby reducing inflammation in AD, and possibly in other inflammatory dermatoses, such as the 'adult' eczemas and possibly even psoriasis. CONCLUSION: We provide guidelines for the appropriate dispensation of moisturizers and physiologic lipid-based, barrier repair therapy for the treatment of AD. Both OTC (AtopalmÒ) and Rx (EpiCeramÒ) products are available in the USA with these characteristics. PMID:35065300 | DOI:10.1016/j.anai.2022.01.012 {url} = URL to article

Dermatol Ther. 2022 Jan 20:e15327. doi: 10.1111/dth.15327. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: persistent post acne erythema (PAE) is a common cosmetically unacceptable and challenging sequelae of acne lesions. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that shows a positive effect on wound healing in several studies, and it showed benefits in treating skin diseases like melasma, rosacea erythema and ultraviolet induced pigmentations. Oxymetazoline (OXZ) is a synthetic, highly selective agonist for alpha 1A-adrenoceptor. It is a potent vasoconstrictor. Oxymetazoline hydrochloride 1% cream was approved by the FDA in January 2017 as a topical treatment for persistent facial erythema in rosacea patients. Brimonidine tartrate (BR) is highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, results in direct, potent vasoconstriction of small arterioles and veins. In 2013, brimonidine 0.33% gel was the first topical therapy to be FDA approved for the treatment of persistent facial erythema from rosacea. OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical triple combination (TXA 5%+OXZ 1.5%+ BMT 0.33%) in the treatment of post acne erythema (PAE) planned as split face comparative study. METHODS: This study was conducted on 40 patients diagnosed with persistent post acne erythema for at least 3 months, the right side of the face was treated with topical triple combination in liposomal base and was compared to the left side to which topical lipocream (placebo) was applied as a control. Our treatment plan lasted for 3 months. RESULTS: According to the investigator's global assessment of photographs and computerized analysis of erythema using image analysis software, topical triple combination applied o the right side of face was significantly effective in diminishing PAE when compared to topical placebo left side. CONCLUSION: topical triple combination is a safe and cost-effective treatment for post-acne erythema. PMID:35060229 | DOI:10.1111/dth.15327 {url} = URL to article

Integr Pharm Res Pract. 2022 Jan 6;11:1-8. doi: 10.2147/IPRP.S346395. eCollection 2022. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Skin diseases are among the major contributors of disease burden in Ethiopia affecting individuals of all age. Extemporaneous compounding of topical medications serves as a necessary option to treat skin diseases when manufactured medications could not meet specific patient needs. Different classes of drugs are commonly used for the treatment of dermatologic diseases. Failure to periodically assess the prescribing pattern and patient needs may lead to inappropriate planning and implementation that ultimately compromise the service. Periodic prescription analysis for compounded medications helps to monitor the prescription pattern with respect to medication selection, disease condition, dosage form types and other relevant parameters. The current study was conducted to analyze the pattern of compounding prescriptions for dermatologicals in ALERT hospital. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was conducted by retrospectively evaluating compounding prescription records of January and July, 2021. A total of 460 prescriptions in the hospital community pharmacy were systematically selected. Data related to disease pattern, product selection and dosage form type were extracted and analyzed. Data analysis was done using software for the statistical package for social science version 25.0. RESULTS: A total of 441 prescriptions containing dermatological products for compounding were analyzed. Most patients were female (62.8%) and aged 30-64 years (44.0%). Psoriasis (36.2%), acne vulgaris (15.3%), and rosacea (13.4%) were the top 3 skin diseases for which the compounding preparations were prescribed. Salicylic acid (38.0%) was the most frequently prescribed drug followed by betamethasone (20.2%); while white petrolatum (47.2%) was the most common diluting agent used for compounding. CONCLUSION: Psoriasis was the major dermatologic disease for compounding prescriptions and salicylic acid was the most frequent product used in compounding for treatment of the prescribed skin diseases. PMID:35024353 | PMC:PMC8747791 | DOI:10.2147/IPRP.S346395 {url} = URL to article

J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Jan 10. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14701. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Demodex mites have been implicated in several cutaneous disorders compelling the research efforts for effective anti-Demodex therapy. OBJECTIVE: Compare the survival time (ST) of Demodex folliculorum exposed to six different concentrations of tea tree oil (TTO) versus a positive control (permethrin 5%) and a negative control (immersion oil) group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The wastes of rosacea patients' standardized superficial skin biopsy samples were recruited for the trial. The primary outcome measure of this study was the survival time, defined as the period between the exposure of study agents to the complete cessation of Demodex movements. RESULTS: All differences between the mean survival times of 2.5% (54.0 ± 6.1), 5% (39.0 ± 3.9), 10% (22.0 ± 2.5), 25% (13.0 ± 2.5), 50% (7.8 ± 0.6), and 100% TTO (3.3 ± 1.3) were significant (p < 0.05). The ST of the negative control group was 196.0 ± 23.6 min. The ST of permethrin 5% was 12.5 ± 1.9 that did not show a statistically significant difference from the ST of TTO 25% (p = 0.628). CONCLUSION: The survival times of the six different TTO groups confirmed a dose-related pattern, all of which had survival times shorter than the negative control (immersion oil). TTO 25% had comparable efficacy to the positive control agent (permethrin 5%). PMID:35001487 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.14701 {url} = URL to article More on Tea Tree Oil • Tea Tree Oil and Baby Shampoo •