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Related Articles Erratum to: Erythema of Rosacea Impairs Health-Related Quality of Life: Results of a Meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2016 Mar 30; Authors: Bewley A, Fowler J, Schöfer H, Kerrouche N, Rives V PMID: 27025711 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea is linked to Parkinson's disease in Danish study. BMJ. 2016;352:i1660 Authors: Wise J PMID: 27025776 [PubMed - in process] {url} = URL to article

Related Articles The relation of rosacea to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Eur J Dermatol. 2016 Mar 30; Authors: Akin Belli A, Ozbas Gok S, Akbaba G, Etgu F, Dogan G Abstract Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting the face. A positive correlation has been found between rosacea and cardiovascular diseases. We sought to investigate the relation of rosacea to metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR). Between January and June 2015, a case-control study including 47 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched rosacea patients and 50 controls was conducted. Demographic data, clinical features of rosacea patients, anthropometric measures, laboratory findings, blood pressure levels, BMI, smoking history, alcohol consumption, sports life, family history of cardiovascular disease, and presence of MS and IR were recorded. Forty-seven rosacea patients (12 men, 35 women; age range 35-68 years) and 50 controls (11 men, 39 women; age range 38-78 years) were included in our study. Of 47 rosacea patients, 24 had erythematotelangiectatic type, 22 had papulopustular type, and 1 had phymatous type. Whereas the rate of IR was significantly higher in the rosacea group, there was no significant difference in the rate of MS between rosacea and control groups (P = 0.009 and P = 0.186, respectively). In addition, the rosacea group had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (P<0.05). Mean levels of LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol and CRP were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05). Our findings suggest that there is a relationship between rosacea and IR and some parameters of cardiovascular risk factors. We recommend investigation of IR in rosacea patients. PMID: 27026639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related Articles Rosacea: clinical features and treatment. Nurs Stand. 2016 Mar 30;30(31):52-60 Authors: Lavers I Abstract Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that predominantly affects the central face. It is characterised by a variable range of symptoms, including erythema, telangiectasia, papules, pustules and changes in skin texture. Rosacea may be transient, recurrent or persistent. Because it affects the most visible part of the body, the psychosocial effects of this condition can be significant. This article describes the features and management of the condition. PMID: 27027198 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related Articles Successful treatment of rosacea fulminans in a 59-year-old woman with macrolide antibiotics and prednisone. Int J Dermatol. 2016 Mar 29; Authors: D'Erme AM, Boca A, Sabau M, Milanesi N, Simonacci F, Gola M PMID: 27028670 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Parkinson Disease Risk in Patients With Rosacea. JAMA Neurol. 2016 Mar 21; Authors: Wingo TS PMID: 26998584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Exploring the Association Between Rosacea and Parkinson Disease: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. JAMA Neurol. 2016 Mar 21; Authors: Egeberg A, Hansen PR, Gislason GH, Thyssen JP Abstract Importance: The pathogenesis of rosacea is unclear, but increased matrix metalloproteinase target tissue activity appears to play an important role. Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative disorders also display increased matrix metalloproteinase activity that contribute to neuronal loss. Objective: To investigate the risk of incident (new-onset) Parkinson disease in patients with rosacea. Design, Setting, and Participants: A nationwide cohort study of the Danish population was conducted using individual-level linkage of administrative registers. All Danish citizens 18 years or older from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2011 (N = 5 472 745), were included. Data analysis was conducted from June 26 to July 27, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was a diagnosis of Parkinson disease. Incidence rates (IRs) per 10 000 person-years were calculated, and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol abuse, medication, and comorbidity were estimated by Poisson regression models. Results: A total of 5 404 692 individuals were included in the reference population; of these, 22 387 individuals (9812 [43.8%] women; mean [SD] age at diagnosis, 75.9 [10.2] years) received a diagnosis of Parkinson disease during the study period and 68 053 individuals (45 712 [67.2%] women; mean age, 42.2 [16.5] years) were registered as having rosacea. The IRs of Parkinson disease per 10 000 person-years were 3.54 (95% CI, 3.49-3.59) in the reference population and 7.62 (95% CI, 6.78-8.57) in patients with rosacea. The adjusted IRR of Parkinson disease was 1.71 (95%, CI 1.52-1.92) in patients with rosacea compared with the reference population. There was a 2-fold increased risk of Parkinson disease in patients classified as having ocular rosacea (adjusted IRR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.67-2.48]), and tetracycline therapy appeared to reduce the risk of Parkinson disease (adjusted IRR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97-0.99]). Conclusions and Relevance: Rosacea constitutes an independent risk factor for Parkinson disease. This association could be due to shared pathogenic mechanisms involving elevated matrix metalloproteinase activity. The clinical consequences of this association require further study. PMID: 26999031 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Rosacea: Diagnosis and management. Nurse Pract. 2016 Apr 17;41(4):8-13 Authors: Napierkowski DB PMID: 26990521 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Brimonidine gel for the treatment of recalcitrant facial erythema in diseases other than rosacea: a novel tool for clinicians. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Mar 16; Authors: Del Barrio-Díaz P, Moll-Manzur C, Vera-Kellet C Abstract BACKGROUND: Clinicians have recognized the impact of cutaneous signs and symptoms in patient's quality of life over the years. Often, systemic response to a certain therapy is faster than the cutaneous response, leading to patient frustration and treatment discontinuation. Brimonidine gel is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of persistent facial erythema of rosacea. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: We describe 3 patients with recalcitrant facial erythema secondary to dermatomyositis, pityriasis rubra pilaris and systemic lupus. Their main complaint was facial erythema that was persistent even though they were under systemic treatment. Empirically, we decided to try topical Brimonidine gel for the treatment of their facial erythema as a rescue measure. RESULTS: 30 minutes after we applied 0.5% Brimonidine gel in the office, we achieved an excellent clinical response, without adverse effects in all of these patients. CONCLUSION: Topical Brimonidine gel may be a complementary therapy for the management of recalcitrant facial erythema in patients with systemic lupus, dermatomyositis and pityriasis rubra pilaris. PMID: 26990727 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Erythema of Rosacea Impairs Health-Related Quality of Life: Results of a Meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2016 Mar 16; Authors: Bewley A, Fowler J, Schöfer H, Kerrouche N, Rives V Abstract INTRODUCTION: The central diagnostic feature of rosacea is diffuse central-facial erythema. The objective was to summarize published and unpublished health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data from seven previous studies in rosacea patients. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed on baseline HRQoL data of subjects with erythema of rosacea from five randomized controlled trials, one open-label safety study and one epidemiological study. The data from four questionnaires were analyzed, including the Euro QoL 5-dimension (EQ5D) generic questionnaire, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) dermatology-specific quality of life instrument, the Productivity and Social Life Questionnaire and the Facial Redness Questionnaire. RESULTS: The global EQ5D index score was 0.859 and the domains of pain/discomfort (31.5% moderate or extreme pain) and anxiety/depression (26.4% moderate or extreme) were most affected. Worse scores were observed with erythema of rosacea in the absence of inflammatory lesions (EQ5D score of 0.832 for no lesions vs 0.919 for subjects with ≥1 lesion). Almost half (43%) the subjects had at least moderately impaired HRQoL, including 19.8% with a DLQI total score of ≥11 indicating severely impaired HRQoL; symptoms/feelings was the most affected domain. Subjects with a patient self-assessment (PSA) of severe erythema of rosacea had a worse mean DLQI score than moderate PSA subjects (8.6 vs 6.0). Work life and social life were affected, especially in subjects with severe PSA (62% with social life at least somewhat affected). CONCLUSION: Erythema of rosacea causes a marked decrease in HRQoL in most patients, especially those with self-perceived severe erythema and without inflammatory lesions, and should thus be considered as an important medical problem requiring medical intervention. FUNDING: Galderma UK. PMID: 26983751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

The role of antimicrobial peptides in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2016 Feb;33(1):6-12 Authors: Marcinkiewicz M, Majewski S Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effector molecules of the innate immune system of the skin. They present an activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as some fungi, parasites and enveloped viruses. Several inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris and rosacea are characterized by a dysregulated expression of AMPs. Antimicrobial peptides are excessively produced in lesional psoriatic scales or rosacea in contrast to the atopic skin that shows lower AMP levels when compared with psoriasis. The importance of the AMPs contribution to host immunity is indisputable as alterations in the antimicrobial peptide expression have been associated with various pathologic processes. This review discusses the biology and clinical relevance of antimicrobial peptides expressed in the skin and their role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. PMID: 26985172 [PubMed] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesSkin barrier in rosacea. An Bras Dermatol. 2016 Feb;91(1):59-63 Authors: Addor FA Abstract Recent studies about the cutaneous barrier demonstrated consistent evidence that the stratum corneum is a metabolically active structure and also has adaptive functions, may play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response with activation of keratinocytes, angiogenesis and fibroplasia, whose intensity depends primarily on the intensity the stimulus. There are few studies investigating the abnormalities of the skin barrier in rosacea, but the existing data already show that there are changes resulting from inflammation, which can generate a vicious circle caused a prolongation of flare-ups and worsening of symptoms. This article aims to gather the most relevant literature data about the characteristics and effects of the state of the skin barrier in rosacea. PMID: 26982780 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Ocular response analyser measurements and central corneal thickness in ocular rosacea patients. Int Ophthalmol. 2016 Mar 12; Authors: Palamar M, Degirmenci C, Ertam I, Yagci A Abstract Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous disorder which is known to cause inflammation and increased proteolytic activity on the ocular surface that might lead to corneal biomechanical alterations. The aim of this study is to evaluate the corneal biomechanical properties of ocular rosacea patients and compare the measurements with healthy individuals as measured with Reichert ocular response analyser (ORA). Besides full eye examination [best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) measured with Goldmann applanation tonometry (IOP-G)], central corneal thickness (CCT), and ORA [corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc), Goldmann correlated IOP (IOPg)] measurements of 30 eyes of 15 ocular rosacea patients (study group) and 30 eyes of 15 healthy individuals (control group) were performed. For comparisons paired t test was used. Mean age of study group was 45.26 ± 11.65 (range 25 and 63) and control group was 45.00 ± 8.91 (range 26 and 58) years (p = 0.865). No significant difference in BCVA, CCT, IOP-G, IOPcc was detected among groups. However, IOPg, CH, and CRF in the study group were significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.013, p = 0.013, p = 0.009, respectively). IOPg, CH, and CRF parameters of ocular rosacea patients were significantly lower than normal individuals. These differences and their probable clinical reflections that might effect making decisions in conditions such as glaucoma should be investigated in larger number of patients. PMID: 26971098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesDemodex mites in acne rosacea: reflectance confocal microscopic study. Australas J Dermatol. 2016 Mar 11; Authors: Turgut Erdemir A, Gurel MS, Koku Aksu AE, Falay T, Inan Yuksel E, Sarikaya E Abstract BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Demodex mite density is emphasised in the aetiopathogenesis of acne rosacea. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been shown to be a good method for determining demodex mite density. The objective was to determine demodex mite density using RCM in acne rosacea patients and compare them with controls. METHODS: In all, 30 papulopustular rosacea (PPR) and 30 erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) totally 60 acne rosacea patients and 40 controls, were enrolled in the study. The right cheek was selected for imaging and RCM was used for scanning. Ten images of 1000 × 1000 μm (total 10 mm(2) ) area were scanned from adjacent areas. The numbers of follicles, infested follicles and mites were counted. The mean numbers of mites per follicle and infested follicles were calculated and compared in the patients and control groups. RESULTS: The mean number of mites was 44.30 ± 23.22 in PPR, 14.57 ± 15.86 in ETR and 3.55 ± 6.48 in the control group (P < 0.001). The mean number of mites per follicle was 1.77 ± 0.90 in PPR, 0.57 ± 0.63 in ETR and 0.13 ± 0.23 in the control group (P < 0.001). The cut-off for the mean number of mites for determining mite infestation was 0.17 and above. CONCLUSIONS: Demodex mite density was markedly increased in both ETR and PPR patients. It is believed that the presence of demodex mites plays an important role in rosacea aetiopathogenesis. Demodex mite treatment may reduce the severity of the disease and slow its progressive nature. PMID: 26969834 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesImproved clinical outcome and biomarkers in adults with papulopustular rosacea treated with doxycycline modified-release capsules in a randomized trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Mar 5; Authors: Di Nardo A, Holmes AD, Muto Y, Huang EY, Preston N, Winkelman WJ, Gallo RL Abstract BACKGROUND: Patients with rosacea have increased amounts of cathelicidin and protease activity but their usefulness as disease biomarkers is unclear. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the effect of doxycycline treatment on cathelicidin expression, protease activity, and clinical response in rosacea. METHODS: In all, 170 adults with papulopustular rosacea were treated for 12 weeks with doxycycline 40-mg modified-release capsules or placebo in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clinical response was compared with cathelicidin and protease activity in stratum corneum samples obtained by tape strip and in skin biopsy specimens obtained from a random subset of patients. RESULTS: Treatment with doxycycline significantly reduced inflammatory lesions and improved investigator global assessment scores compared with placebo. Cathelicidin expression and protein levels decreased over the course of 12 weeks in patients treated with doxycycline. Low levels of protease activity and cathelicidin expression at 12 weeks correlated with treatment success. Low protease activity at baseline was a predictor of clinical response in the doxycycline treatment group. LIMITATIONS: Healthy control subjects were not studied. CONCLUSIONS: Improved clinical outcome correlated with reduced cathelicidin and protease activity, supporting both the mechanism of doxycycline and the potential of these molecules as biomarkers for rosacea. PMID: 26951940 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesPatients with Rosacea Have Increased Risk of Depression and Anxiety Disorders: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. Dermatology. 2016 Mar 9; Authors: Egeberg A, Hansen PR, Gislason GH, Thyssen JP Abstract BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that affects self-esteem and quality of life. However, data on depression and anxiety in patients with rosacea are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between rosacea and new-onset depression and anxiety disorders. METHODS: Data on all Danish citizens aged ≥18 years between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2011, were linked at individual level in nationwide registers. Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were calculated, and crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated by Poisson regression models. RESULTS: The study comprised a total of 4,632,341 individuals, including 30,725 and 24,712 patients with mild and moderate-to-severe rosacea, respectively. Mild and moderate-to-severe rosacea increased the risk of both depression [IRR 1.89 (95% CI 1.82-1.96) and IRR 2.04 (95% CI 1.96-2.12)] and anxiety disorders [IRR 1.80 (95% CI 1.75-1.86) and IRR 1.98 (95% CI 1.91-2.05)]. CONCLUSIONS: Rosacea was associated with a disease severity-dependent, increased risk of depression and anxiety disorders. The findings may call for increased awareness of psychiatric morbidity in patients with rosacea. PMID: 26954304 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesOver 25 Years of Clinical Experience With Ivermectin: An Overview of Safety for an Increasing Number of Indications. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016 Mar 1;15(3):325-32 Authors: Kircik LH, Del Rosso JQ, Layton AM, Schauber J Abstract Although the broad-spectrum anti-parasitic effects of the avermectin derivative ivermectin are well documented, its anti-inflammatory activity has only recently been demonstrated. For over 25 years, ivermectin has been used to treat parasitic infections in mammals, with a good safety profile that may be attributed to its high affinity to invertebrate neuronal ion channels and its inability to cross the blood-brain barrier in humans and other mammals. Numerous studies report low rates of adverse events, as an oral treatment for parasitic infections, scabies and head lice. Ivermectin has been used off-label to treat diseases associated with <em>Demodex</em> mites, such as blepharitis and demodicidosis. New evidence has linked <em>Demodex</em> mites to rosacea, a chronic inflammatory disease. Ivermectin has recently received FDA and EU approval for the treatment of adult patients with inflammatory lesions of rosacea, a disease in which this agent has been shown to be well tolerated. After more than 25 years of use, ivermectin continues to provide a high margin of safety for a growing number of indications based on its anti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory activities. <br /><br /> <em>J Drugs Dermatol. </em>2016;15(3):325-332. PMID: 26954318 [PubMed - in process] {url} = URL to article

Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity in rosacea patients. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jan-Mar;30(1):29-32 Authors: Örnek N, Karabulut AA, Örnek K, Onaran Z, Usta G Abstract PURPOSE: To assess corneal and conjunctival sensitivity in rosacea patients. METHODS: A total of 55 patients with rosacea and 37 control subjects participated in the study. Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity was determined by Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. Subjective symptoms of ocular dryness were evaluated using Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Schirmer's I test (ST), tear breakup time (tBUT) and ocular surface staining with fluorescein were carried out to measure objective signs. RESULTS: The mean corneal and conjunctival sensitivity did not differ significantly between rosacea patients and controls (all p > 0.05). Schirmer's I test and tBUT were significantly reduced (p = 0.004 for OD and p < 0.001 for OS) and grade of ocular surface staining was significantly high (p = 0.018 for OD and p = 0.038 for OS) in rosacea patients. Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity did not show significant correlation with ST, tBUT, ocular surface staining (Oxford Schema), duration of rosacea and OSDI score. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity did not change significantly in rosacea. PMID: 26949355 [PubMed] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesSpectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Imaging of Pigmented Retinal Pigment Epithelial Deposits in a Patient With Prolonged Minocycline Use. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015 Nov;133(11):1360-2 Authors: Wilson ME, Sridhar J, Garg SJ, Forman AR PMID: 26334869 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesIMAGES IN CLINICAL MEDICINE. Ocular Rosacea. N Engl J Med. 2016 Feb 25;374(8):771 Authors: Asoklis R, Malysko K PMID: 26933851 [PubMed - in process] {url} = URL to article

Rosacea and abatacept: the first report of a possible correlation. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Feb;151(1):123 Authors: Lo Schiavo A, Tirri R, Peccerillo F, Abbondanza C, Russo B, Caccavale S PMID: 26924033 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesPrevalence of rosacea in the general population of Germany and Russia - The RISE study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Mar;30(3):428-34 Authors: Tan J, Schöfer H, Araviiskaia E, Audibert F, Kerrouche N, Berg M, RISE study group Abstract BACKGROUND: There is an unmet need for general population-based epidemiological data on rosacea based on contemporary diagnostic criteria and validated population survey methodology. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of rosacea in the general population of Germany and Russia. METHODS: General population screening was conducted in 9-10 cities per country to ensure adequate geographic representation. In Part I of this two-phase study, screening of a representative sample of the general population (every fifth person or every fifth door using a fixed-step procedure on a random route sample) was expedited with use of a questionnaire and algorithm based on current diagnostic criteria for rosacea. Of the subjects that screened positive in the initial phase, a randomly selected sample (every third subject) t`hen underwent diagnostic confirmation by a dermatologist in Part II. RESULTS: A total of 3052 and 3013 subjects (aged 18-65 years) were screened in Germany and Russia respectively. Rosacea prevalence was 12.3% [95%CI, 10.2-14.4] in Germany and 5.0% [95%CI, 2.8-7.2] in Russia. The profile of subjects with rosacea (75% women; mean age of 40 years; mainly skin phototype II or III, majority of subjects with sensitive facial skin) and subtype distribution were similar. Overall, 18% of subjects diagnosed with rosacea were aged 18-30 years. Over 80% were not previously diagnosed. Within the previous year, 47.5% of subjects had received no rosacea care and 23.7% had received topical and/or systemic drugs. Over one-third (35% Germany, 43% Russia) of rosacea subjects reported a moderate to severe adverse impact on quality of life. CONCLUSION: Rosacea is highly prevalent in Germany (12.3%) and Russia (5.0%). The demographic profile of rosacea subjects was similar between countries and the majority were previously undiagnosed. PMID: 26915718 [PubMed - in process] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesIn vivo, micro-morphological vascular changes induced by topical brimonidine studied by Dynamic optical coherence tomography. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Feb 25; Authors: Themstrup L, Ciardo S, Manfredi M, Ulrich M, Pellacani G, Welzel J, Jemec GB Abstract BACKGROUND: Brimonidine is a selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist with potent vasoconstrictive activity topically used for treatment of facial flushing and erythema caused by rosacea. Direct evidence for the in vivo morphology changes in skin vessels induced by topical application of brimonidine is limited. Dynamic optical coherence tomography is a novel technology that combines conventional OCT with information on flow and thereby provides supplementary information about the microvasculature. Dynamic OCT is non-invasive and creates high-resolution in vivo images of skin to a depth of maximum 2 mm. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine and describe micro-morphological skin vessel changes in normal skin exposed to brimonidine gel using Dynamic OCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 healthy subjects from three European clinical dermatology centres were included in the study. A normal skin area on the cheek was marked and clinically photographed. Brimonidine gel 0.33% was applied on the area and chromaticity measurements; laser speckle measurements and Dynamic OCT images were acquired at baseline and 60 min after application. The images were subsequently described in detail and quantitatively analysed. RESULTS: All the measurement tools (chromaticity, laser speckle, Dynamic OCT showed highly significant (P < 0.001) quantitative differences in blood flow before and after the application of brimonidine. In 58% of the subjects the Dynamic OCT images showed notable changes in the morphology of the blood vessel network after application of brimonidine including a marked reduction in the abundance and the diameter of the blood vessels. CONCLUSION: The vascular constriction induced by topical brimonidine gel 0.33% was visualized in vivo by Dynamic OCT and confirmed by quantitative measurements and analyses. This study shows that Dynamic OCT can detect characteristic morphological changes in the vessels and may potentially aid the monitoring of treatment effects on skin vessels following topical or laser treatment. PMID: 26916576 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesOcular rosacea, psoriasis, and lichen planus. Clin Dermatol. 2016 Mar-Apr;34(2):146-150 Authors: Webster GF, Durrani K, Suchecki J Abstract Although the number of dermatologic conditions with ocular manifestations is relatively limited, these entities have a high prevalence and represent a large proportion of clinic visits to both dermatologic and ophthalmic practices. This contribution will review oculocutaneous diseases that are not part of the allergic or autoantibody-mediated spectrum. PMID: 26903182 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article

Related ArticlesEtiopathogenesis of rosacea: a prospective study with a three-year follow-up. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2016 Feb 18; Authors: Agnoletti AF, DE Col E, Parodi A, Schiavetti I, Savarino V, Rebora A, Paolino S, Cozzani E, Drago F Abstract AIM: To assess the role of Demodex folliculorum (DF), Helicobacter pylori (HP) small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in rosacea development and maintenance. METHODS: A case-control study including 60 patients with rosacea and 40 healthy controls was performed. All the patients underwent standardised skin surface biopsy to investigate DF, Urea breath test for HP and lactulose breath test and glucose breath test for SIBO. Etiological therapy was started in the following order: acaricidal treatment, antibiotics for SIBO and HP. These exams were repeated after 3 years. Statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: As regards the 88 patients who completed the entire follow-up, DF positivity was found in the 47.7%, SIBO in the 25.0% and HP in the 21.6%. SIBO significantly prevailed in papulopustular rosacea, while HP in erythrosis. At the 6-month follow up, the 61% of patients were in remission. After 3 years the 18% dropped out, the remaining patients repeated all the investigations. The majority of patients were still in remission and negative for HP while only 5 were positive for DF and 4 for SIBO. CONCLUSION: SIBO was the most relevant factor in papulopustular rosacea. Its treatment was crucial in improvement and in maintaining the clinical remission. PMID: 26889725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] {url} = URL to article