Guide

The above thirteen questions are proposed by Anna D. Holmes and Martin Steinhoff in the exhaustive clinical paper on rosacea: Integrative concepts of rosacea pathophysiology, clinical presentation and new therapeutics, Experimental Dermatology

Galderma acknowledges the new phenotype classification of rosacea in a Twitter post screen shot below:

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We have complied a list for your review. If we have missed any, please post in this thread so we can add another 'famous' rosacean (doesn't matter if dead or alive) to the 'official' list. Be sure to provide a link to support your claim. We will confirm your proposal to add the person to the 'official' RRDi list of 'famous' rosaceans. Your post will be in this thread as the original source. This is what the volunteer spirit is all about. Why not volunteer for the RRDi? Thanks for helping us grow the list. Are you aware that volunteering is beneficial? Reply to this Topic There is a reply to this topic button somewhere on the device you are reading this post.

WC Fields is the Rosacea Poster Boy W.C. Fields suffered from rosacea, Phenotype 5. "W. C. Fields, the late comedian, used to say, “I’ve no use for water. Water’s for flowing under bridges.” It was a good line, implying that he was a heavy drinker and it triggered a lot of stage laughs. Since that time his huge bulbous nose has been linked with excessive drinking. Alcohol can aggravate Rosacea, but a flaming red nose can also occur in those who do not consume alcohol." Dr. W. Gifford-Jones: An overlooked skin condition gets some attention "Comedian W.C. Fields had audiences rolling during the 1920s, '30s, and '40s, but his skin condition was no laughing matter. His trademark bulbous nose was the result of advanced rosacea, called rhinophyma. Some blamed this celebrity's misshapen nose on alcohol as drinking was a big part of his act and his life. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, while drinking can trigger rosacea to flare, it's not a cause." Famous Faces With Rosacea, By Regina Boyle Wheeler, everyday health "The title of this column, a quote from comedian W.C. Fields, refers to his penchant for drinking alcohol. So what does alcohol and W.C. Fields have to do with my topic of rosacea? Read on....The diagnosis of rosacea is made on clinical grounds (i.e. signs and symptoms). There has to be a persistent rash on the central part of the face for at least three months to qualify as rosacea. Classifying rosacea is important in determining the best treatment. The exact cause of rosacea is not well understood, though there are numerous factors that likely play a role." I never drink water; that is the stuff that rusts pipes, By Dr. John Roberts, Montgomery Medicine, The Paper of Montgomery County "In Asia, rosacea is called “Ju Sa” (酒皻). The Chinese character “Ju” 酒 means alcohol, which happens to have the same pronunciation as redness, and “Sa” 皻 means enlargement of the nose." [1] Famous Rosaceans End Notes [1] Am J Clin Dermatol 21, 25–35 (2020) Microbiota in Rosacea Hei Sung Kim

"Rosacea- Competitive Landscape, Pipeline and Market Analysis, 2017, report provides comprehensive insights about marketed and pipeline drugs across this Mechanism of action. Key objective of the report is to establish the understanding for all the marketed and pipeline drugs that fall under Rosacea. This report provides information on the therapeutic development based on Rosacea mechanism of action dealing with around 120+ active pipeline drugs." Rosacea Market Research Report 2017 to 2025, ENA Team, Full Report

"Michael Freeman, a dermatologist and associate professor at Bond University in Australia, told The Conversation that you should never squeeze a blackhead because it might cause the oil glands to rupture back into the skin. Freeman advised that buying skincare products containing vitamin A could help. This is because it can stop the skin lining the pores thickening, meaning the oil glands aren't blocked. Using lukewarm water - rather than hot - to wash your face with is also less likely to inflame them. Steaming the face can make blood vessels stand out and trigger rosacea in those who are prone to it." Skin warning: Clearing out your clogged face pores could cause THIS condition SKIN with clogged pores can be unsightly - but steaming your face to unblock them could cause rosacea, By LAUREN CLARK, Daily and Sunday Express

- how do you deal with heat and humidity from Hawaii(personally I dealt very well with the dry heat from Libya but very bad with the heat and humidity from St Lucia)? I usually wear a hat or use an umbrella. I don't like wearing sunscreen (I don't like how it makes my skin feel hotter) but sometimes I use a sunscreen gel. Lately I have using Ocean Potion Suncare Instant Dry SPF 50 Mist Anti-Aging Sunblock. - how much do you spent since you have Rosacea?(personally I think I spend the value of a flat with 2 rooms since I had acne and rosacea) I have no idea but probably thousands of dollars over the last thirty years. - do you take any antidepresants? No. - how was your experience with the employers? Was Rosacea a disqualifing factor for employment over the years even the employer said that it was an EOE???(In a further message I will tell you what happend in my case)? No problems with keeping a job. I have always been called 'Red' by employees or friends. Been that way since I was a kid. During childhood I was burnt to a crisp many times staying out in the sun. I have always had a ruddy (red) complexion and still do. When someone asks me 'why are you so red?' I explain I have rosacea. They usually haven't heard of rosacea so I explain that rosacea is adult acne which seems to suffice. Little kids still ask me this. - can you jog or you only walk daily??? Just walk. I usually walk twenty five miles each week, swim in the ocean about 15 minutes and do 30 pull ups. Since I had heart issues in 2015, I have improved with more exercise. When I moved to Honolulu I sold my vehicle and don't own one. I walk or take DaBus. - do you was your face with hot water?(In my case only with luckwarm water, no steams) Warm water. When I shower and the water gets too hot, my face turns bright red. I try to keep the water warm, not hot. - can you shave and how often? Yes, usually every other day, sometimes daily. I use a Gillette Fusion Razor and ivory soap.

My most recent photos are in this thread. I tried the Soolantra for a number of months which you can read here (with photos). I still have rosacea. I mostly keep it under control with my Rosacea Diet and the ZZ cream. I have recently tried the Baby Shampoo and Tea Tree Oil to clean my face and scalp (I will comment on this in a month or so after I see the results).

Romeo, The list of diseases that have been associated wth rosacea has grown in the last few years, such as Migraine, CRS, Multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease, cancer, diabetes, Glioma, HLA-DRA Locus, inflammatory bowel disease, depression/anxiety disorders, and the list seems to be growing. For more information if you haven't had enough, scroll down to Associated Diseases in this article.

"The final data showed that people with rosacea were seven percent more likely to develop any form of dementia—and 25 percent more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease—than people without rosacea. The association seemed more prominent for women rather than men; while women with rosacea had a 28 percent greater risk for Alzheimer’s, men had a 16 percent greater risk. What’s more, Alzheimer’s risk for rosacea patients increased by 20 percent among those aged 60 or older when they first enrolled in the study." If You Have This One Skin Condition, You Could Be at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease Research says one sign of Alzheimer's disease could be skin-deep. BY BROOKE NELSON, Reader's digest

The Rosacea Treatment Clinic offers retinaldehyde capsules for rosacea.

IowaDavid, RF poster, has a web site where he is selling the Soothing Rain Light Unit.

Romeo Milea has been appointed to the RRDi Board of Directors. The board of directors looks forward to Romeo's volunteer spirit and the energy he brings to our non profit organization.

Rosacea affects about 16 million Americans, and most of them don’t know they have it. According to a Gallup survey, almost eight in 10 Americans do not know that rosacea exists. GUEST COLUMN: Rosacea affects about 16 million Americans By Fred Cicetti, International Falls Journal

A Danish population -based cohort study identified a significant association between patients who have rosacea and their risk of having certain other gastrointestinal diseases – specifically celiac disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome. “While a co-occurrence of rosacea and gastrointestinal disorders has previously been evaluated, the topic remains controversial,” wrote the authors, led by the department of dermatology and allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark. Study identifies link between rosacea and GI diseases YOUR DOSE OF MEDICINE By Charles C. Chante, MD (The Philippine Star) |

Rod102988 reports, "A year ago this time I was diagnosed with Rosacea due to heavy drinking and long bouts in the sun. I was devastated, depressed and embarrassed. I quit several jobs, tried makeup, turmeric, eating healthy, water etc. You know name it. I spent hundreds on products for up to a year. I even tried Finacea which while it helped the bumps not so much with the redness plus my insurance didn't cover it and it cost $330 a tube. Finally, I did tons of research online and found two products which I use in combination and they only cost a combined $80 on Amazon. 1) La roche Posay Rosaliac AR Intense. It's a visible redness reducing serum made by scientists in France. It's light and has no smell. You apply twice a day after washing. 2) GIGI Bioplasma Azaleic Acid 15 percent cream. This stuff is better than Finacea IMO and much much cheaper. It tackles all the same things as Finacea; redness, blemishes, acne and hyperpigmenation. Now what I do is usually is place both on at the same time but always one significantly less than the other....only on the problems spots. For example, a full dot full of one and miniscule dot full of the other. But, some may get irritated by that I wouldn't suggest starting off like that. In would initially alternate with one each day and then maybe alternate throughout the day. With that said, this cream and serum has worked wonders and its only costing me $80 bucks a month but I could really stretch both to a month and a half of I want to. After using these for 3 months I am amazed and these combination have been a complete and utter life saver."

Melaleuca alternifolia image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons Found this post at healthboard.com: "My husband and I both have rosacea. We have used Metrogel daily for years and sometimes it would keep the rosacea under control and other times it would not. I researched home remedies and this is what has worked for both of us. We no longer have to go to the dermatologist for an Rx for Metrogel. Please note that this is NOT a cure. We do this daily and then we have no recurrence of the rosacea. When I stopped using it, the rosacea would return after a few weeks. I purchased a 12 ounce bottle of baby shampoo. It doesn't matter what brand as long as it is not too runny like water. Then I bought a 1 ounce bottle of 100% tea tree oil at Trader Joes. It doesn't matter where you buy your bottle of 100% tea tree oil. I poured about 1/3 of the 1 ounce bottle of tea tree oil into the 12 ounce bottle of baby shampoo. I then closed the cap of the baby shampoo and shook it really well. In the beginning when my rosacea was prevalent, every morning I would put some of the tea tree oil infused baby shampoo on those areas. I would leave it on while I brushed my teeth. I tried to keep it on for at least 5 minutes. Then I would rinse it off. That evening I would do it again and keep it on for at least 5 minutes. Then rinse off. After a few days I saw my rosacea disappear. When I stopped this treatment, the rosacea would ultimately return. So now to keep my rosacea from returning I put on the tea tree oil infused baby shampoo every morning while I brush my teeth. I no longer need to put it on at night as the once daily application has kept my rosacea from returning. It is has been well over a year since the rosacea has resurfaced. My husband still continues to put his application of tea tree oil infused baby shampoo on twice a day because he gets good results and he doesn't want to chance it returning as his rosacea was far worse than mine. This daily regime has worked for both my husband and I. If you choose to try this, I hope it works for you as well." This probably would help improve demodectic rosacea.

A recently published paper concluded, "Expert groups and evidence-based guidelines agree that topical retinoids should be considered the foundation of acne therapy." So this article explains the increased use of retinoids by physicians over antibiotics since there is concern over antibiotic resistance. This article states, "The use of retinoids plus BPO targets multiple pathways and can often eliminate the need for antibiotics, reducing the likelihood of antibiotic resistance."Isotretinoin is just one of the several retinoids used to treat acne. The retinoids mentioned in the article are, "adapalene 0.1% and 0.3%; tazarotene 0.1%; tretinoin 0.01%, 0.025%, 0.038%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.08%, and 0.1% in the USA; isotretinoin 0.05% and 0.1% in other regions of the world" and reviews "the evidence supporting why retinoids should be considered the foundation of acne therapy (with a focus on topical retinoids)." The article states, "Both dermatologists and other physicians were less likely to prescribe a retinoid for patients aged 19 or older compared to those aged 10–19." The topical retinoids mentioned in this article are a "fixed combination adapalene 0.3%-benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 2.5% (0.3 A/BPO; Epiduo Forte®, Galderma Laboratories) and topical retinoids (adapalene, tazarotene, or tretinoin) and Retinoids are also available in fixed-combination formulations with BPO [adapalene-BPO 0.1%/2.5% and 0.3%/2.5% (Epiduo® and Epiduo Forte®, Galderma Laboratories)] and clindamycin [tretinoin 0.025%/clindamycin phosphate 1.2% (Veltin, Aqua Pharmaceuticals; Ziana®, Valeant Pharmaceuticals)]."The article does address the concern of "retinoid irritation" and offers "Strategies to minimize tolerability issues" in Table 1 but does not mention anything about long term risks of 'accutane induced rosacea' which many in RF and other anecdotal reports have confirmed happens to some. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2017 Sep; 7(3): 293–304. Published online 2017 Jun 5. doi: 10.1007/s13555-017-0185-2 PMCID: PMC5574737 Why Topical Retinoids Are Mainstay of Therapy for Acne James Leyden, Linda Stein-Gold, and Jonathan Weiss

sepi takes "half teaspoon fine chili powder and I mix it with about 15g face cream" and reports it works for rosacea. Read her report.

"...the results of a pooled analysis of four Galderma-sponsored studies evaluating the use of topical therapies for the treatment of inflammatory papules and pustules of rosacea were presented at the 26th European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Congress in Geneva, Switzerland. The success of rosacea treatment is usually defined as a score of 1 ('almost clear') or 0 ('clear') on the 5-point Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) scale. The new analysis reports that rosacea patients who achieve 'clear' (IGA 0), not only experience a more complete reduction in inflammatory lesions compared with patients who achieve 'almost clear' (IGA 1), but also an extended time to relapse that is associated with improved quality of life." ‘CLEAR’ (IGA 0) ROSACEA PATIENTS EXPERIENCE A DELAYED TIME TO RELAPSE, Lausanne, Switzerland – September 16, 2017 Galderma: 'Clear' (IGA 0) Rosacea Patients Experience a Delayed Time to Relapse PR Newswire Sep. 16, 2017

Is Sugar Addictive? There are reputable sources who say it is and those who say it is is not. I have collected the sources who say it is along with the those who say sugar is not addictive (scroll down). You be the judge. Sources Who Say Sugar is Addictive "Our findings clearly demonstrate that intense sweetness can surpass cocaine reward, even in drug-sensitized and -addicted individuals. We speculate that the addictive potential of intense sweetness results from an inborn hypersensitivity to sweet tastants. In most mammals, including rats and humans, sweet receptors evolved in ancestral environments poor in sugars and are thus not adapted to high concentrations of sweet tastants. The supranormal stimulation of these receptors by sugar-rich diets, such as those now widely available in modern societies, would generate a supranormal reward signal in the brain, with the potential to override self-control mechanisms and thus to lead to addiction." Intense Sweetness Surpasses Cocaine Reward Magalie Lenoi , Fuschia Serre, Lauriane Cantin, Serge H. Ahmed Plos One "Sugar is addictive. And we don’t mean addictive in that way that people talk about delicious foods. We mean addictive, literally, in the same way as drugs. And the food industry is doing everything it can to keep us hooked." Sugar Season. It’s Everywhere, and Addictive. By JAMES J. DiNICOLANTONIO and SEAN C. LUCANDEC. 22, 2014, New York Times "Withdrawal from a “sugar-rich” diet is associated with behavior suggestive of “withdrawal” symptoms." Diabetes 2016 Jul; 65(7): 1797-1799. Is Sugar Addictive? George A. Bray "Sugar addiction happens due to intense cravings for sweet food. It is triggered by the brain by sending signals to the receptors in our tongue that were not able to develop from the low-sugar diets of our ancestors" The Truth About Sugar Addiction By Dr. Mercola, "The biological robustness in the neural substrates of sugar and sweet reward may be sufficient to explain why many people can have difficultly to control the consumption of foods high in sugar when continuously exposed to them." Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Jul;16(4):434-9. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e328361c8b8. Sugar addiction: pushing the drug-sugar analogy to the limit. Ahmed SH, Guillem K, Vandaele Y. "In animals, it’s a “no-brainer.” Dr. Nicole Avena of Columbia University exposes rats to sugar water in an excess-deprivation paradigm for three weeks, and they demonstrate all the criteria needed to diagnose addiction: binging, withdrawal, craving, and addiction transfer (when you’re addicted to one substance, you’re addicted to others as well)." The Sugar-Addiction Taboo When can you call a food addictive? ROBERT H. LUSTIG, The Atlantic "In animal studies, sugar has been found to produce more symptoms than is required to be considered an addictive substance. Animal data has shown significant overlap between the consumption of added sugars and drug-like effects, including bingeing, craving, tolerance, withdrawal, cross-sensitisation, cross-tolerance, cross-dependence, reward and opioid effects. Sugar addiction seems to be dependence to the natural endogenous opioids that get released upon sugar intake. In both animals and humans, the evidence in the literature shows substantial parallels and overlap between drugs of abuse and sugar, from the standpoint of brain neurochemistry as well as behaviour." Sugar addiction: is it real? A narrative review James J DiNicolantonio, James H O'Keefe, William L Wilson British Journal of Sports Medicine "In an interview with Lisa Mullins from Here & Now, Dr. DiNicolantonio further stated that some studies on rats show that sugar is potentially more addictive that cocaine because even after being hooked on cocaine, they invariably switch to sugar when it is introduced to them." Sugar Addiction: Facts And Figures AddictionResource "Your brain also sees sugar as a reward, which makes you keep wanting more of it. If you often eat a lot of sugar, you're reinforcing that reward, which can make it tough to break the habit." Slideshow: The Truth About Sugar Addiction WebMD "So drugs and sugar both activate the same reward system in the brain, causing the release of dopamine." Fact or fiction – is sugar addictive? TheConversation "The link between sugar and addictive behavior is tied to the fact that, when we eat sugar, opioids and dopamine are released." Experts Agree: Sugar Might Be as Addictive as Cocaine Written by Anna Schaefer and Kareem Yasin, healthline "Scientists have found that sugar is addictive and stimulates the same pleasure centers of the brain as cocaine or heroin. Just like those hard-core drugs, getting off sugar leads to withdrawal and cravings, requiring an actual detox process to wean off." Are You Addicted to Sugar? Here’s How to Break the Cycle, by Sarah Elizabeth Richards, Daily Burn, Life "While it is true that sugary foods can stimulate the same part of the brain responsible for pleasure and reward, as do many illicit substances, there are reasons other than addiction that eating could be linked with the reward area of the brain." Is sugar addictive? CSU External Relations Staff "Despite the anecdotal reports of people who claim to be addicted to sugar, and seemingly endless Web sites devoted to sugar addiction," says Cynthia Bartok, associate director for the Center for Childhood Obesity Research in Penn State's College of Health and Human Development, "modern science has not yet validated that idea." "However, 'yet' may be the key word," Bartok adds. "It was once thought of as pseudoscience, but a whole field of research has sprung out of the idea that food components such as sugar or fat may have some similarities to addictive drugs." Probing Question: Is sugar addictive? Lisa Duchene, Penn State "But the study inadvertently highlights an important truth: Anything that provides pleasure (or relieves stress) can be the focus of an addiction, the strength of which depends not on the inherent power of the stimulus but on the individual's relationship with it, which in turn depends on various factors, including his personality, circumstances, values, tastes, and preferences. As Peele and other critics of neurological reductionism have been pointing out for many years, the reality of addiction lies not in patterns of brain activity but in the lived experience of the addict." Research Shows Cocaine And Heroin Are Less Addictive Than Oreos, Jacob Sullum, Forbes "The evidence supports the hypothesis that under certain circumstances rats can become sugar dependent. This may translate to some human conditions as suggested by the literature on eating disorders and obesity." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Volume 32, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 20-39 Evidence for sugar addiction: Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake Nicole M. Avena, Pedro Rada, Bartley G. Hoebel "For many years, studies have demonstrated that sugar triggers the brain’s pleasure and reward centers—areas in the emotional centers of the brain responsible for the release of “feel good” neurotransmitters called dopamine. These are the same brain areas stimulated by cocaine, nicotine, opiates (such as heroin and morphine), and alcohol. This addiction is not an imaginary thing in the minds of millions of sugar junkies—it’s associated with real physiological changes in the brain. And, perhaps because the brain’s pleasure areas are also very close to the pain centers, withdrawal from sugar has been described by many patients as being painful—like romantic pain or eliminating nicotine or caffeine." Sugar Addiction: Is It Real? By Dr. Phil Maffetone April 9, 2015, Fat-Burning Journal, Nutrition, MAF "According to Avena, when we eat sugar a signal is sent from the tongue to the cerebral cortex that activates a “rewards system.” This in turn encourages us to eat more. A huge part of the rewards system is the release of dopamine in our brain, which, when put into overdrive, can be pretty addictive." This Is Why You’re ‘Addicted’ To Sugar There’s a reason it feels so darn good. By Cate Matthews, Healthy Living, Huffpost "Speaking to the Guardian, DiNicolantonio said that the consumption of sugar was a grave concern. “In animals, it is actually more addictive than even cocaine, so sugar is pretty much probably the most consumed addictive substance around the world and it is wreaking havoc on our health.” Is sugar really as addictive as cocaine? Scientists row over effect on body and brain, by Nicola Davis, theguardian "Studies show that sugar lights up the same exact area of our brain that is stimulated by drugs. For some people, the highs, lows and withdrawal from sugar can be just as powerful and dramatic as what a drug addict experiences." Sugar and Your Brain: Why Sugar Is So Very Addictive, By: Rachel Gargano MS, RD, LDN, CSSD, Reboot with Joe "Sugar addiction should be treated like drug abuse, new research has revealed." Sugar addiction like drug abuse, study reveals, by Nicola Harley, Telegraph "It is widely thought to affect the brain in a similar way to cocaine, and now a new study has suggested people addicted to sugar should be treated in the same way as other drug abusers." Sugar addiction 'should be treated as a form of drug abuse' by Matt Payton, Independent "Taubes surveys the admittedly sparse research on sugar's psychoactive effects. For example, researchers have found that eating sugar stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is also released when consuming nicotine, cocaine, heroin, or alcohol. Researchers are still debating the question of whether or not sugar is, in some sense, addictive." Is Sugar an Addictive Poison? Hypothesis: More sugar causes both more diabetes and more obesity Ronald Bailey | January 6, 2017, reason.com "Research published in the Public Library of Science highlights a strange lab rat experiment involving sugar and cocaine. The rats were given cocaine until they became dependent on it. Then, researchers provided them a choice – the rats could continue to have the cocaine or they could switch to sugar. Guess which one the rodents chose? Yup, the sugar. 94% chose to make the switch. Even when they had to work hard to access the sugar, the rats were more interested in it than they were in the cocaine." Study Shows Sugar is More Addictive Than Cocaine!, David Wolfe ΔFosB "Sugary and high-fat food have both been shown to increase the expression of ΔFosB, an addiction biomarker, in the D1-type medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens; however, there is very little research on the synaptic plasticity from compulsive food consumption, a phenomenon which is known to be caused by ΔFosB overexpression." Food Addiction, Wikipedia Sources Who Say Sugar is Not Addictive "That is definitely a problem, but is not necessarily an addiction." Is Sugar Addiction? by Susan J. SMith, Ph.D, CDE, Visalia Medical Clinic "Most of the research they found on sugar addiction was done using mice or rats, and it’s not clear that these findings will translate perfectly to people." Everyone Calm Down for a Minute About ‘Sugar Addiction,’ Neuroscientists Plead By Melissa Dahl, Science of Us, NYMag "Given the lack of evidence supporting it, we argue against a premature incorporation of sugar addiction into the scientific literature and public policy recommendations." European Journal of Nutrition November 2016, Volume 55, Supplement 2, pp 55–69 Sugar addiction: the state of the science Margaret L. WestwaterPaul C. FletcherHisham Ziauddeen "Prof Suzanne Dickson, of Gothenburg University and co-ordinator of the NeuroFAST project, said: "There has been a major debate over whether sugar is addictive. "There is currently very little evidence to support the idea that any ingredient, food item, additive or combination of ingredients has addictive properties." Sugar 'not addictive' says Edinburgh University study, 9 September 2014 From the section Edinburgh, Fife & East Scotland, BBC Conclusion Is Sugar addictive? Why not try removing sugar from your diet and see what happens. You be the judge. Et Cetera What is ΔFosB? "Until recently, it was generally assumed that if we wanted something, it was because we liked it. But science is now questioning that idea - and pointing the way to a possible cure for addiction...Was it possible that wanting a thing, and liking it, corresponded to distinct systems in the brain? And was it possible that dopamine didn't affect liking - it was all about wanting?" [1] Reply to this Topic There is a reply to this topic button somewhere on the device you are reading this post. If you never heard about this topic and you learned about it here first, wouldn't it be a gracious act on your part to show your appreciation for this topic by registering with just your email address and show your appreciation with a post? And if registering is too much to ask, could you post your appreciation for this topic by finding the START NEW TOPIC button in our guest forum where you don't have to register? We know how many have viewed this topic because our forum software shows the number of views. However, most rosaceans don't engage or show their appreciation for our website and the RRDi would simply ask that you show your appreciation, please, simply by a post. End Notes [1] The science of addiction: Do you always like the things you want?, David Edmonds, BBC World Service

asmaa, Thanks for posting, which is the best thing you can do. Public relations is a great place to post. What is your background? PR? Tell us about your rosacea?

Is Sugar Addictive? This post has moved

An article was released by DovePress regarding, "a responder definition for the treatment of papulopustular rosacea." So what is a 'responder'? According the authors of this paper, "patients with treatment success, i.e., improvement in the Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) to “clear” or “minimal” were called “responders,” and those with treatment failure, i.e., staying in the range of IGA “mild” to “severe” were called “nonresponders”." The paper further stated that, "The goal of our study was to empirically generate a responder definition based on the number of facial rosacea lesions." The authors concluded, "The calculated cutoff point of 5.69 lesions allows discrimination of responders (5 or less remaining lesions) and nonresponders (6 or more remaining lesions) of therapeutic interventions in rosacea. As this is the first publication providing a responder definition based on the number of lesions, we suggest utilizing both end points – IGA and number of lesions – in clinical research programs for the near future." Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, September 8, 2017, Dovepress An empirically generated responder definition for rosacea treatment • Full Text Staedtler G, Shakery K, Endrikat J, Nkulikiyinka R, Gerlinger C