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Paeoniflorin inhibits the macrophage-related rosacea-like inflammatory reaction through the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3-apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1-p38 pathway.

Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jan 22;100(3):e23986

Authors: Liu Z, Zhang J, Jiang P, Yin Z, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Hu L, Xu Y, Liu W

Abstract
ABSTRACT: Rosacea is a facial chronic inflammatory skin disease with immune and vascular system dysfunction. Paeoniflorin (PF) is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on rosacea remain unknown. Here, we investigated the mechanisms through which PF inhibits the macrophage-related rosacea-like inflammatory response. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect differences in the inflammatory response and degree of macrophage infiltration in granulomatous rosacea lesions and their peripheral areas. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the cytotoxicity of PF towards RAW 264.7 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to measure the influence of PF on mRNA and protein expression levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)-p38, Toll-like receptor 2, and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide ( or LL37) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-related rosacea-like inflammatory response of RAW 264.7 cells. Inflammatory cell infiltration was more pronounced in granulomatous rosacea lesions than in peripheral areas. LL37 expression increased significantly, and the infiltration of a large number of CD68+ macrophages was observed in the lesions. PF promoted SOCS3 expression in RAW 264.7 cells and inhibited the LPS-induced increase in toll-like receptor 2 and LL37 expression through the ASK1-p38 cascade, thereby alleviating the macrophage-related rosacea-like inflammatory response. These changes could be abrogated by SOCS3 siRNA in vitro.In conclusion, the pathogenesis of rosacea involves abnormal macrophage infiltration within the lesions. PF inhibits the macrophage-related rosacea-like inflammatory response through the SOCS3-ASK1-p38 pathway, demonstrating its potential application as a novel drug for rosacea therapy.

PMID: 33545988 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Paeonia lactiflora image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

"Paeoniflorin is a chemical compound which is one of the major constituents of an herbal medicine derived from Paeonia lactiflora. It can also be isolated from the fresh water fern Salvinia molesta." Wikipedia

Salvinia molesta image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Peony image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

"The peony or paeony is a flowering plant in the genus Paeonia, the only genus in the family Paeoniaceae. Peonies are native to Asia, Europe and Western North America.....The herb known as Paeonia, in particular the root of P. lactiflora (Bai Shao, Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae), has been used frequently in traditional medicines of Korea, China and Japan."
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