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    Welcome to the Rosacea Research and Development Institute [RRDi] official web site. The RRDi is a grassroots  501 (c) 3 non profit organization for rosacea patient advocacy unlike any other rosacea non profit organization. If you suffer from rosacea you are a rosacean. Finding the cure for rosacea through research is our goal (read our mission statement for a complete list of our goals). Our website is 'everything rosacea.'   Our website is now a subscription based members only website where only members can post. We rely on a donation of $12/year so we can keep this website going. Guests may view and read about 95% of our website but are not allowed to post. Please register and donate $12 for a twelve month subscription (minimum is $2/donation for one month access) to post. Thanks for your donation! We need 100 active subscribers!

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    Guests or Inactive vs Active Members

     

    Guests and Inactive members can only view about 95%of our rosacea content on this website. You may post on our website if you register an account and subscribe. Membership is subscription based. Learn moreBeginning February 10, 2022 all inactive members will have to purchase a subscription to be active again to be able to post for a minimum of $2 for one month ($1/month for three or more months). Guests will not have to purchase a subscription to view our website but are not allowed to post. We need 100 active subscribers!

    Why not read the recent activity and pick a topic that interests you? 

    RRDi Videos • FAQs • In our menu, use FORUMS or SITE INDEX to browse our website. 

    We are rosaceans and this is a grassroots rosacea non profit organization. Read more About the RRDi.

    If you are a novice or a professional we are accepting papers on rosacea subjects to be published in the next edition of the Journal of the RRDi.

    IS THIS ROSACEA?
    The above question is probably the most frequently asked question on the internet about rosacea. Click here for the answer 

    Download our mobile app! •  YouTube Videos •

    Where to Begin Your Search 
    We first of all warmly invite you to join the RRDi as an active member with just your email address. This opens up to you a huge amount of rosacea data that can help you in your search for rosacea treatment as well as gives you an opportunity to engage with other rosaceans which is part of our core mission. Guests can check our feedback forum, and are allowed in the following areas of our website, but are not allowed to post.

    ACTIVE MEMBERS ARE ALLOWED TO POST

    Want your own free private rosacea blog? • Open a rosacea club! (members only) • Guests 

    Recommend you read our FAQs for at least a half hour. Afterwards, browse our public member forum for another half hour once you have access to our member forums. If you are concerned about your privacy when joining our non profit as a member, we have several options which are discussed below by scrolling to 'How to Join' in the third paragraph under that subheading which explains those options. We take your privacy very seriously and our privacy policy is second to none! 

    Active Members
    Once you join the RRDi you must remain an active member (either a volunteer or a subscriber) to continue to have access to our website in the member forums and post

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    What is Rosacea?
    Rosacea is a chronic and sometimes progressive disorder of the face, characterized by some or all of the following symptoms:

    Extremely sensitive facial skin with blushing, flushing, permanent redness, burning, stinging, swelling, papules, pustules, broken red capillary veins, red gritty eyes (which can lead to visual disturbances) and in more advanced cases, a disfiguring bulbous nose. Men and women of all ages can be affected, with over 415 million estimated rosacea sufferers worldwide

    Most links below require you to subscribe. 

    "Rosacea is probably a collection of many different diseases that are lumped together inappropriately." Zoe Diana Draelos, MD. 
    Dr. Draelos is a member of the ROSIE [ROSacea International Expert] Group that says the subtype classification of rosacea is controversial. Dr. Draelos is also a member of the RRDi MAC. Just because you have a red face might mean you have another skin condition instead of or with rosacea, since other skin conditions may co-exist with rosaceamimic rosacea or you might have a rosacea variant (over a dozen variants to differentiate).  

    "Rosacea is a multifactorial, hyper-reactivity, vascular and neural based disease with a broad range of facial manifestations where normal vasodilation is greater and more persistent and involves an autoimmune component of microscopic amounts of extravasated plasma induce localized dermal inflammation that may induce repeated external triggers, vasodilation, telangiectasias, redness with eventual fibrosis and hypertrophic scarring of the dermis." Sandra Cremers, M.D., F.A.C.S., RRDi MAC Member.

    If you note, there are different definitions of what constitutes rosacea which is common. Clarity with phenotypes (see below) helps in a differential diagnosis

    Phenotypes
    In November 2016, the RRDi endorsed the phenotype classification of rosacea which was announced by the ROSCO panel as a better approach of diagnosising rosacea than using subtypes. If your dermatologist still refers to subtypes, he/she is not keeping up with the latest classification of rosacea and you should point this out to your physician. Learn more about phenotypes

    Rosacea Differential Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis
    Your physician should differentiate rosacea from a plethora of other skin conditions. If you need photos of rosacea click here.

    Sometimes rosacea is misdiagnosed.

    Treatment
    'There are a number of topical, oral and systemic treatments available. Yet, treatment for rosacea remains difficult." Expert Opinion Pharmacotherapy 

    “There’s no one treatment that’s going to work for everybody, but we evaluate each patient individually and try to select the treatments from our armamentarium that we think will be the simplest and safest for long-term control.” John Meisenheimer, MD, Orlando, The City's Magazine

    "Ultimately, rosacea is a subjective and entirely individual experience." Rosacea: Beyond the visable

    There are prescription, non prescription and natural or alternative treatments (check out our affiliate store) for rosacea that the RRDi keeps up with and posts on our website. Volunteer Members also contribute to the website. You will not find any other website about rosacea that has more information on rosacea than the RRDi. None. The RRDi website is a wealth of rosacea data found no where else on the internet (you can google and find rosacea information and the results will include what is categorized in appropriate places on our website). Volunteers make sure of this. You can join and continue to add to the rosacea data. Isn't that what volunteering is all about? 

    Cause of Rosacea
    No one really knows what causes rosacea and there are a number of theories for your consideration. Our latest article on this subject, Rosacea Theories Revisited is worth your time to consider. 

    What will the RRDi Do For Me?
    If you are a rosacea newbie read this post. You can view the list of prescription treatments prescribed for rosacea. There is a list of non prescription treatments for rosacea to consider. We have an affiliate store dedicated to rosacea books, treatments and odd and ends. You can browse our public member forum and learn about rosacea. The digital medical revolution can assist you in your search for a treatment to improve your condition. Your rosacea is an individual case and you may find what treatment will work for your rosacea and not a treatment aimed at the masses. Rosaceans can come together and share data, using collaboration tools that the RRDi offers for free. If you have the volunteer spirit and want to become part of this innovative non profit, learn how you can volunteer and be part of this digital medical revolution. You can post in our member forum if you join and register simply with an email address. If you have concerns regarding your privacy, please consider this post.

    Once you join you have a number of tools to collaborate with other members. You can create your own rosacea blog, with easy step by step directions on how to do this. Our Gallery application lets members share photos and videos with the community. One other tool you can use is setting up your own Club

    Volunteers who contribute their time and energy may receive a free G Suite account through a generous contribution of Google, one of our sponsors.  

    You may receive a free ebook, Rosacea 101: Includes the Rosacea Diet as a gift from the founder/director if you mention in your registration application that you want the free ebook (write in the volunteer box you want the free ebook). If you are already a member and want the ebook just fill out the contact form and request a copy

    You can post in our member forum about your rosacea experience. However, we want real members, not spammers, hackers or trolls. We provide a safe, secure forum for our members, so our membership registration is very secure requiring your accepting our terms for membership.

    Our 2016 Rosacea Survey is completed and available for public viewing.  You may review a list of our education grants. Finally, ask not what the RRDi can do for you, ask.....

    What Can You Do for the RRDi?
    Your joining and registering with our organization will increase our membership. All that is required to join is an email address (your email address is private and members never see your email address nor does the RRDi give your private email address out to anyone). Our goal is to reach a membership of 10,000 members. Think about that, 10,000 rosacea sufferers joined together as a non profit organization and you are member. We need you to join to help us reach this goal!

    The RRDi is a volunteeer member driven organization and invites rosacea sufferers to become involved. Volunteering is the force that drives the organization and is an integral spirit of the RRDi philosophy. The RRDi warmly invites rosacea sufferers to participate in this non profit which you can become a part of. You are not required to volunteer when you join, since we still want you to join even if you can't volunteer. If all you can do is become a member, that will increase our membership which is helpful in itself. So if you can volunteer, let us know on when you register. Or just join with an email address and let us know later you want to volunteer. Please join or public forum. Or you may prefer our new private forum

    Please carefully read the next subheading on how to join and if you have concerns about privacy. 

    How to Join
    Subscribe. To post in our Member Forum or submit articles for publication you must register to join to become a member. The RRDi no longer requires that you provide us with your contact info and mailing address to be a non voting member. However you still need to agree to our policies, rules, etc., since you become a member of the RRDi whether a voting member or not. If you want to vote, simply include all the profile contact fields. We have over 1000 members who are voting members, so we have plenty. It is your choice if you want to vote or not. 

    If you need assistance contact us. Our volunteers will be happy to assist you. 

    Your privacy is our utmost concern and we will take precautions to ensure your privacy will never be violated. Our Privacy Policy is solid. If you have concerns regarding your privacy, please consider this post.

    Once you have joined you can post in our secure members forum which will allow you to post questions to the Medical Advisory Consultants (MAC) and to fellow members or to submit articles for our journal. Yes, members may have an article published on our web site or in our journal. You may receive a free G Suite account with our organization if you have the volunteer spirit. 

    Charter and Mission Statement
    The Charter of the Corporation states the purpose and Mission Statement which clearly outlines the goals of our non profit corporation. If you are interested in the history of how and why this non profit organization was formed click here for more information

    Of course there are expenses to keep this non profit organization going. Any donation you give will assist us to continue to keep this web site going, publish our journal, and sponsor education grantsMahalo for your donation. even if it is small. Every dollar helps us keep going.  

    The RRDi is registered at GuideStar

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  • Posts

    • Cornea. 2024 Jul 5. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000003627. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of quantum molecular resonance (QMR) electrotherapy in the management of refractory pediatric ocular rosacea. METHODS: This is a retrospective case series on 3 female pediatric patients (ages 12, 15, 14 years) with ocular rosacea. Two patients presented with corneal stromal neovascularization and punctate epithelial erosions while 1 patient presented with corneal scarring and paracentral stromal thinning. After failing conservative management, the patients were treated with 4 consecutive QMR electrotherapy sessions with the intensity set at 5 corresponding on average to a power of 12 W, with 60 V voltage and 200 mA current. Informed consent was obtained for off-label use. Patients were assessed for changes in vision, foreign body sensation, tearing, photophobia, and redness at each visit to determine symptomatic improvement. Outcome measures include best-corrected visual acuity, use of supplemental therapies (eg topical steroids) for symptom relief, extent of corneal neovascularization via serial slitlamp photography, and corneal scar remodeling via high resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: Two of the 3 patients experienced improvement in visual acuity after QMR electrotherapy. Corneal neovascularization and scarring regressed significantly in all 3 patients. Two months post-QMR electrotherapy, corneal remodeling was evident on optical coherence tomography in 2 patients. All 3 patients were able to discontinue topical immunosuppressants and remain symptom-free at 1.5 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: QMR electrotherapy is a promising alternative in the treatment of refractory ocular rosacea in childhood and puberty, and it may potentiate corneal remodeling. PMID:38967538 | DOI:10.1097/ICO.0000000000003627 {url} = URL to article
    • J Alzheimers Dis. 2024 Jun 28. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240198. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This manuscript reviews the significant skin manifestations of Lewy body disease, including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and the diagnostic utility of skin biopsy. Besides classic motor and cognitive symptoms, non-motor manifestations, particularly dermatologic disorders, can play a crucial role in disease presentation and diagnosis. This review explores the intricate relationship between the skin and Lewy body disease. Seborrheic dermatitis, autoimmune blistering diseases (bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus), rosacea, and melanoma are scrutinized for their unique associations with Parkinson's disease, revealing potential links through shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Advances in diagnostic techniques allow the identification of promising biomarkers such as α-synuclein in samples obtained by skin punch biopsy. Understanding the dermatologic aspects of Lewy body disease not only contributes to its holistic characterization but also holds implications for innovative diagnostic approaches. PMID:38968048 | DOI:10.3233/JAD-240198 {url} = URL to article
    • JAAD Int. 2024 May 6;16:112-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2024.04.009. eCollection 2024 Sep. ABSTRACT PMID:38957837 | PMC:PMC11217679 | DOI:10.1016/j.jdin.2024.04.009 {url} = URL to article
    • Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024 Jun 26;17:1551-1552. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S484236. eCollection 2024. ABSTRACT [This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S473598.]. PMID:38952412 | PMC:PMC11215658 | DOI:10.2147/CCID.S484236 {url} = URL to article
    • Heliyon. 2024 Jun 1;10(11):e32275. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32275. eCollection 2024 Jun 15. ABSTRACT A combination of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and tretinoin is recommended for treating acne; however, concurrent administration can be irritating, and coformulation is prevented by BPO-mediated oxidation of tretinoin. In rosacea, benzoyl peroxide has been shown to be efficacious; however, its use has been limited by poor tolerability. To overcome these limitations, the active ingredients can be encapsulated within silica microcapsules. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved 2 products using this technology, a combination of encapsulated benzoyl peroxide and encapsulated tretinoin product for acne vulgaris and encapsulated benzoyl peroxide to treat inflammatory lesions in rosacea. The active ingredients are released through small channels in the silica shell, gradually releasing the active ingredients to the skin. This study describes the stability and release profiles of encapsulated tretinoin and encapsulated benzoyl peroxide from the silica shell in physiologically relevant conditions and provides differentiation from traditional formulations. PMID:38947450 | PMC:PMC11214359 | DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32275 {url} = URL to article
    • Clin Ophthalmol. 2024 Jun 24;18:1801-1810. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S440199. eCollection 2024. ABSTRACT Demodex represents the most frequent ectoparasite found in humans. Although Demodex mites are considered commensals of human pilosebaceous units, an abnormally high mite density can cause several ocular and cutaneous symptoms and signs, sometimes to a severe degree. Both Demodex spp. (folliculorum and brevis) play a significant part in eye pathology and facial dermatoses. These mites have been related to blepharitis, ocular rosacea, meibomian gland dysfunction and various skin diseases, including rosacea, demodicosis and seborrheic dermatitis. Understanding the importance of Demodex in both eye and skin conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management strategies, which may involve targeted treatments to control the mite population and reduce associated symptoms. PMID:38948346 | PMC:PMC11213710 | DOI:10.2147/OPTH.S440199 {url} = URL to article
    • J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024 Jun 28. doi: 10.1111/jocd.16354. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of treating erythematotelangiectatic rosacea using fractional radiofrequency (FRF). METHODS: Twenty patients with a confirmed diagnosis of erythema capillaris rosacea were selected, and one side of each patient's face was randomly assigned to receive FRF treatments for three to six times, with an interval of 2 weeks between each treatment. VISIA, dermoscopy, and the Clinician's Erythema Evaluation Scale (CEA) were applied to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment before and after the treatment, to record the VAS scores and adverse reactions, and to conduct a patient satisfaction survey. RESULTS: The characteristic counts and scores of red zone and porphyrin as assessed by VISIA test were significantly decreased, and the difference between the treated side and the pretreatment side was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the efficacy of the treatment was statistically insignificant compared with the control side, except for the red zone and porphyrin which were statistically significant before and after the treatment (p > 0.05). By CEA score, the difference between the treated side after treatment and the control side was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the difference between the treated side before and after treatment was statistically significant (p < 0.05); the difference between the control side before and after treatment was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Dermatoscopic observation showed reduction in pore size, reduction of yellowish-white and black horn plugs within the pores, lightening of the red background and thinning and blurring of the capillary structure on the treated side of the skin compared to the control side, and the skin on the treated side showed the above mentioned changes before and after the treatment as well. The mean pain score of the subjects was obtained by VAS score 3.67 ± 0.90. Adverse effects included mild edema, erythema, and microscopic crusting; no long-term adverse effects were seen in all patients. The efficacy of FRF treatment was evaluated 1 month after the final treatment, and 85% of the subjects rated it as satisfactory, very satisfactory, and very satisfactory. CONCLUSION: FRF for the treatment of erythematous capillary dilatation rosacea is effective, safe, and suitable for clinical promotion. PMID:38943266 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.16354 {url} = URL to article
    • Skin Res Technol. 2024 Jul;30(7):e13782. doi: 10.1111/srt.13782. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Prior research has explored the relationship between inflammatory skin disorders and breast cancer (BC), yet the causality of this association remains uncertain. METHODS: Utilizing a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, this study aimed to elucidate the causal dynamics between various inflammatory skin conditions-namely acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis vulgaris, urticaria, and rosacea-and BC. Genetic variants implicated in these disorders were sourced from comprehensive genome-wide association studies representative of European ancestry. In the forward MR, BC was posited as the exposure, while the reverse MR treated each inflammatory skin disease as the exposure. A suite of analytical methodologies, including random effects inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WME), and MR-Egger, were employed to probe the causative links between inflammatory skin diseases and BC. Sensitivity analyses, alongside evaluations for heterogeneity and pleiotropy, were conducted to substantiate the findings. RESULTS: The MR analysis revealed an increased risk of acne associated with BC (IVW: OR = 1.063, 95% CI = 1.011-1.117, p = 0.016), while noting a decreased risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) in BC patients (IVW: OR = 0.941, 95% CI = 0.886-0.999, p = 0.047). No significant associations were observed between BC and psoriasis vulgaris, urticaria, or rosacea. Conversely, reverse MR analyses detected no effect of BC on the incidence of inflammatory skin diseases. The absence of pleiotropy and the consistency of these outcomes strengthen the study's conclusions. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate an elevated incidence of acne and a reduced incidence of AD in individuals with BC within the European population. PMID:38937884 | PMC:PMC11211090 | DOI:10.1111/srt.13782 {url} = URL to article
    • Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jun 28;103(26):e38705. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038705. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease affecting the center of the face that causes burning and itching sensations and changes in aesthetics. Liang Xue Wu Hua Tang (LXWHT) is a classic herbal formulation that is efficacious and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of rosacea; however, the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of LXWHT using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database was searched to identify the active ingredients and pharmacological targets of LXWHT, and the GeneCard, Disgenet, and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were applied to screen rosacea-related targets. Cytoscape software was used to visualize the protein-protein interaction network, and network topology analysis was used to identify core targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed for the core targets. Molecular docking simulations and visualization were performed using Maestro and PyMOL, respectively. A total of 43 active compounds and 28 potential targets for LXWHT treatment of rosacea were selected for analysis. The Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results indicated that LXWHT may exert therapeutic effects on rosacea by intervening in immune pathways including tumor necrosis factor pathway, interleukin-17 pathways, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Chemokine ligand 2, interferon-γ, interleukin-1ß, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 may be the core therapeutic target. Quercetin, stigmasterol, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, luteolin, beta-carotene, baicalein, acetin, and isorhamnetin were predicted to be the key active ingredients. LXWHT may exert therapeutic effects in the treatment of rosacea by modulating immunity and angiogenesis, laying the foundation for further research. PMID:38941423 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000038705 {url} = URL to article
    • J Cosmet Dermatol. 2024 Jun 23. doi: 10.1111/jocd.16435. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:38923159 | DOI:10.1111/jocd.16435 {url} = URL to article
    • Acta Derm Venereol. 2024 Jun 25;104:adv40053. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v104.40053. ABSTRACT Patients with rosacea commonly experience stigmatization, which induces stress and thereby exacerbates their symptoms. Given the strong effects of rosacea on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), addressing the physical and psychosocial aspects of rosacea is essential. To examine the effects of rosacea on HRQoL, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis involving real-world data. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, and case series evaluating the HRQoL of patients with rosacea were included. HRQoL assessment tools such as the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Rosacea-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RosaQoL) were used. Data on 13,453 patients were retrieved from 52 eligible studies: 4 RCTs, 15 case series, and 33 cross-sectional studies. Compared with healthy controls, patients with rosacea had significantly lower DLQI scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.81 to -1.37). The DLQI scores after treatment were higher than those before treatment (SMD = -1.451, 95% CI = -1.091 to -1.810). The pooled estimates for the overall DLQI and RosaQoL scores were 8.61 and 3.06, respectively. In conclusion, patients with rosacea have lower HRQoL compared with healthy individuals, and treatment for rosacea improves their HRQoL. PMID:38916178 | PMC:PMC11218680 | DOI:10.2340/actadv.v104.40053 {url} = URL to article
    • Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2024 Jul 1;64(3):9-12. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000527. Epub 2024 Jun 24. ABSTRACT Intense pulsed light has a growing body of research supporting its use in skin rejuvenation, dermatologic conditions, as well as ocular rosacea, dry eyes and meibomian gland dysfunction. This paper will start with the conception of one protocol for treating dry eyes, blepharitis and styes using broad band light, a version of intense pulsed light, and its evolution into a life-changing in-office procedure for many patients. The approach for optimizing the settings, considerations during the consultation, the procedure in detail, after treatment care, and potential complications to avoid are all explained. Periocular and facial rejuvenation treatment protocols are discussed as well. This should be a useful guide for clinicians looking to add intense pulsed light to their in-office treatment armamentarium to significantly improve the lives of their patients. PMID:38910500 | DOI:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000527 {url} = URL to article
    • Dermatol Res Pract. 2024 Jun 15;2024:7714527. doi: 10.1155/2024/7714527. eCollection 2024. ABSTRACT The most prevalent skin condition is acne vulgaris. Recent clinical practice guidelines recommend oral isotretinoin to treat moderate-to-severe acne. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and risk perception of oral isotretinoin for acne treatment. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the country of Jordan. The study sample includes people resident in Jordan aged ≥14 years who have been treated with oral isotretinoin for acne. The study involved 373 participants who previously used oral isotretinoin for skin disorders. Most were Jordanian (89.3%), aged 19-25 (37.3%), and from the central region (82.8%). Mostly, they used isotretinoin for severe or mild acne (25.2% and 24.1%, respectively), rosacea (4.1%), or to alleviate acne scars. Surprisingly, 58.1% did not consult their specialist for side effects, and 20% shared their treatment. The average proper use score was 9.98 out of 16. A link was found between higher risk knowledge scores and proper use scores. Side effects such as nausea, irregular heartbeat, and pancreatitis affected some users (11.5%, 10.5%, 7.0%, and 3.2%, respectively). Knowledge about isotretinoin's risks varied, with percentages recognizing teratogenicity (57.7%), liver damage (52.6%), and lipid profile effects (37.2%), while 25% believed that they had no side effects. The study revealed partial adherence to oral isotretinoin guidelines, with gaps in monitoring and consultation. A positive correlation emerged between risk knowledge and proper usage, emphasizing the need for comprehensive education and monitoring strategies in isotretinoin therapy for skin disorders. PMID:38911019 | PMC:PMC11193596 | DOI:10.1155/2024/7714527 {url} = URL to article
    • J Adv Res. 2024 Jun 22:S2090-1232(24)00250-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disorder characterized by the release of inflammatory mediators from keratinocytes, which are thought to play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Despite an incidence of approximately 5.5%, rosacea is associated with a poor quality of life. However, as the pathogenesis of rosacea remains enigmatic, treatment options are limited. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the pathogenesis of rosacea and explore new therapeutic strategies. METHODS: Transcriptome data from rosacea patients combined with immunohistochemical staining were used to investigate the activation of STAT3 in rosacea. The role of STAT3 activation in rosacea was subsequently explored by inhibiting STAT3 activation both in vivo and in vitro. The key molecules downstream of STAT3 activation were identified through data analysis and experiments. Dual-luciferase assay and ChIP-qPCR analysis were used to validate the direct binding of STAT3 to the IL-36G promoter. DARTS, in combination with experimental screening, was employed to identify effective drugs targeting STAT3 for rosacea treatment. RESULTS: STAT3 signaling was hyperactivated in rosacea and served as a promoter of the keratinocyte-driven inflammatory response. Mechanistically, activated STAT3 directly bind to the IL-36G promoter region to amplify downstream inflammatory signals by promoting IL-36G transcription, and treatment with a neutralizing antibody (α-IL36γ) could mitigate rosacea-like inflammation. Notably, a natural plant extract (pogostone), which can interact with STAT3 directly to inhibit its activation and affect the STAT3/IL36G signaling pathway, was screened as a promising topical medication for rosacea treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a pivotal role for STAT3/IL36G signaling in the development of rosacea, suggesting that targeting this pathway might be a potential strategy for rosacea treatment. PMID:38909883 | DOI:10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.013 {url} = URL to article
    • J Invest Dermatol. 2024 Jun 20:S0022-202X(24)01859-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.024. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:38908780 | DOI:10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.024 {url} = URL to article
    • Cureus. 2024 May 21;16(5):e60731. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60731. eCollection 2024 May. ABSTRACT Background Internalized stigma (IS) is the acceptance of unfavorable stereotypes about the disease that society has created and withdrawing from society with feelings of shame and worthlessness. Due to the visibility feature of facial skin diseases such as rosacea and acne vulgaris (AV), it is possible for them to cause IS. Objective We aimed to examine the level of IS in AV and rosacea patients and compare these patient groups as well. Methods Fifty-three AV and 46 rosacea patients aged 18-65 were included in this study. Internalized Stigma Scale (ISS) adapted for AV and rosacea were applied to all the patients. They also responded to the "Dermatology Life Quality Index" (DLQI) questionnaire. The relationship between IS levels and DLQI was investigated, and then acne and rosacea patients were compared with each other. Results Total DLQI, total ISS, and its subscales' scores of all patients were found to be positively correlated with each other. When rosacea and AV patients were compared with each other, there was no difference regarding DLQI and ISS scores. Conclusion AV and rosacea patients experience high IS, and it is significantly related to low quality of life and health status. They also have similar IS levels when compared with each other. PMID:38903377 | PMC:PMC11187619 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.60731 {url} = URL to article
    • Arch Dermatol Res. 2024 Jun 21;316(7):428. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03131-9. ABSTRACT Cannabidiol (CBD), which is derived from hemp, is gaining recognition because of its anti-inflammatory and lipid-modulating properties that could be utilized to treat acne. We conducted experiments to quantitatively assess the effects of CBD on acne-related cellular pathways. SEB-1 sebocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes were exposed to various CBD concentrations. CBD exhibited a concentration-dependent impact on cell viability and notably reduced SEB-1 viability; furthermore, it induced apoptosis and a significant increase in the apoptotic area at higher concentrations. Additionally, CBD remarkably reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, including CXCL8, IL-1α, and IL-1β. Additionally, it inhibited lipid synthesis by modulating the AMPK-SREBP-1 pathway and effectively reduced hyperkeratinization-related protein keratin 16. Simultaneously, CBD stimulated the synthesis of elastin, collagen 1, and collagen 3. These findings emphasize the potential of CBD for the management of acne because of its anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, and lipid-inhibitory effects. Notably, the modulation of the Akt/AMPK-SREBP-1 pathway revealed a novel and promising mechanism that could address the pathogenesis of acne. PMID:38904694 | PMC:PMC11192675 | DOI:10.1007/s00403-024-03131-9 {url} = URL to article
    • Am Fam Physician. 2024 Jun;109(6):533-542. ABSTRACT Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the central face, affecting 5% of the population. The exact etiology is unknown. A diagnosis is made based on the updated 2017 National Rosacea Society Expert Committee guidelines, including fixed erythema, phymatous changes of skin thickening due to sebaceous gland hyperplasia and fibrosis, papules, pustules, telangiectasia, and flushing. Delays in an accurate diagnosis and treatment may occur in skin of color due to difficulty visualizing erythema and telangiectasia. The daily use of sunscreen, moisturizers, and mild skin cleansers and avoidance of triggers are essential aspects of maintenance treatment. Effective topical treatment options include alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists for flushing and ivermectin, metronidazole, and azelaic acid for papules and pustules. Systemic treatments include nonselective beta blockers for flushing, low-dose doxycycline, and isotretinoin for papules and pustules. Rosacea can significantly affect a patient's emotional health and quality of life. A referral for care is recommended for fixed phymatous changes and ocular rosacea. (Am Fam Physician. 2024;109(6):533-542. PMID:38905551 {url} = URL to article
    • World J Clin Cases. 2024 Jun 16;12(17):3253-3258. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3253. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In addition to the non-specific symptomatology of ocular rosacea, currently, there are no reliable diagnostic tests for the disease, which may lead to its misdiagnosis. Here, we report a case of ocular rosacea presenting with multiple recurrent chalazion on both eyelids. CASE SUMMARY: A 63-year-old female patient presented with multiple chalazion and dry eyes in both eyes, with no facial erythema. Initial management done were application of steroid eye ointment on both eyelids, hot compresses, and eyelid margin cleaning; noting that there was no relief of symptoms. Surgical excision of the chalazion was done on both eyes, however, bilateral recurrence occurred post-operatively. The pathological studies showed infiltration of a small amount of fibrous tissue with many chronic inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry studies were positive for LL-37. Resolution of the chalazion occurred after oral administration of doxycycline and azithromycin. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that ophthalmologists should recognize the ocular manifestations of skin diseases. PMID:38898849 | PMC:PMC11185401 | DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3253 {url} = URL to article
    • Skin Res Technol. 2024 Jun;30(6):e13735. doi: 10.1111/srt.13735. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with erythema, inflammation and skin sensitivity. OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefit of a dermocosmetic cream (DC cream) containing Sphingobioma xenophaga extract and soothing agent in adult females with rosacea-associated erythema and sensitive skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During phase 1, DC was applied twice daily on the randomized half-face and compared to usual-skincare (USC) for 28 days. During phase 2, DC was applied on the full face twice daily for 56 days. Clinical, instrumental and skin sensitivity assessments were performed at all visits; demodex density (standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) method) was performed at baseline and D28, quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the stigmatization questionnaire (SQ), Rosacea Quality of Life index (ROSAQoL) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at baseline and D84. RESULTS: At D28, a significant benefit of DC over USC was observed for erythema, tightness, burning and stinging (all p ≤ 0.05), erythema measured by chromameter (p < 0.01), corneometry and transepidermal water loss (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05, respectively), skin sensitivity (p < 0.001) and significant reduction of mean demodex density (p < 0.05) on the DC side. At D84, DC significantly (all p < 0.05) improved clinical signs and symptoms on both sides of the face compared to baseline; SQ, ROSAQoL and DLQI scores improved by 40.4%, 25.0% and 55.7%, respectively compared to baseline. Tolerance was excellent. CONCLUSION: DC significantly improved erythema, skin sensitivity, demodex count, QoL and feeling of stigmatization of subjects with rosacea and is very well tolerated. PMID:38899754 | PMC:PMC11187799 | DOI:10.1111/srt.13735 {url} = URL to article
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